20/08/2026
Equine Assisted Therapy Myth-busting
Part 1.
Letâs retire the tired old trope of horses as prey animals as validation of their effectiveness as therapy partners.
The equine assisted psychotherapy and counselling field continues to grow, and Iâve been privileged to witness and play a small part in its evolution over the past 15 years. But there are some unproductive myths and pseudoscience that persist. One of these is that horses are prey animals, who constantly live in fear of their lives, and that this is somehow beneficial to traumatised people.
Equines, particularly domestic horses, at one time might have been âpreyâ, but even back on the grassy plains, they still spent far more time in seeking and social states rather than in a fight or flight fear state. This is supported by the literature over the past decade which increasingly treats horses as highly social, affiliative animals whose evolved sociality transcends their âpreyâ status. Itâs their generous relational ability and curiosity that makes horses such wonderful therapeutic partners, which is why itâs frustrating to see the âhorses are prey animals and this is why it worksâ fallacy continuing in some corners.
Perpetuating the misplaced belief that horses exist in a state of fear is not only incorrect, it is incompatible with modern horse welfare standards, particularly their mental/emotional state. Working with horses who are dysregulated, or in a faux window of tolerance, simply to benefit humans, is wrong on many dimensions. Itâs unethical to expose stressed horses to dysregulated people, and itâs unethical - and even dangerous - to introduce vulnerable people to horses living in a state of fear (flight, fight or freeze).
Thatâs why we advocate very strongly for equine welfare and wellbeing - in the therapy space and beyond. Itâs why we only work with horses who are physically and mentally healthy - not in pain, or frightened. This means theyâre confident, aware, and able to re-regulate their own nervous systems, and itâs a state of being that we want to encourage for our clients. This physiology of intersubjectivity, attachment and attunement, and the coregulation between horse and human is where growth and change happens. And the results in the therapy and learning space are profound.
If youâre interested in the evolution of our understanding of horses and humans, particularly the demystifying the prey trope, hereâs some further reading:
Tomlinson, M. (2024). Emotional natives: The role of prey-animal ontologies in equine-assisted personal development. Society & Animals, 34(1), 3â23. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685306-bja10191
Birke, L. (2008). Talking about horses: Control and freedom in the world of ânatural horsemanship.â Society & Animals, 16(2), 107â126. https://doi.org/10.1163/156853008x291417
Tom, E. (2015). Gender and power in narratives of âNatural Horsemanship.â Humanimalia, 7(1), 59â78. https://doi.org/10.52537/humanimalia.9982
Torres Borda, L., Auer, U., & Jenner, F. (2023). Equine social behaviour: Love, war and tolerance. Animals, 13(9), 1473. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13091473
Torres Borda, L., Roth, P. M., & Lumetzberger, J. (2024). Proximity tracking using ultra-wideband technology for equine social behaviour research. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 60805. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-60805-0
Wolter, R., Stefanski, V., & Krueger, K. (2018). Parameters for the analysis of social bonds in horses. Animals, 8(11), 191. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani8110191
Starling, M., McLean, A. N., & McGreevy, P. (2016). The contribution of equitation science to minimising horse-related risks to humans. Animals, 6(3), 15. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani6030015