05/09/2026
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The number of people with mild autism has increased rapidly in recent decades—but some researchers and clinicians worry that many patients may have been wrongly diagnosed, Olga Khazan reported in July. https://theatln.tc/1k7biEc9
With milder autism cases, a person may have a normal to high IQ and typical speaking abilities but struggle with social interactions or have intense interests. No brain scan or blood test can diagnose such cases, so clinicians must rely on a person’s own account of their challenges.
Some experts told Khazan that they are concerned that “some individuals who have received these diagnoses might instead have anxiety or another mental illness,” she writes. Other patients might not have any diagnosable mental-health condition and may be incorrectly perceiving their typical social struggles as a sign that they have a disorder.
Khazan reports that the experts she spoke with told her that having “a precise label for social challenges or feelings of alienation can feel freeing and relieving. Unlike, say, those for schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, an autism diagnosis has become desirable to some people.”
But overdiagnosis, experts say, can hurt both people incorrectly classified as mildly autistic and those with more severe forms of autism. A child erroneously diagnosed with autism, for example, might be subjected to intensive and time-consuming therapy for no reason, while a different, underlying condition the person might have—such as depression and anxiety—might go untreated.
At the same time, children and adults on the most severe end of the autism spectrum could be crowded out of services and classrooms, Alison Singer, the mother of a severely autistic adult child and president of the Autism Science Foundation, told Khazan.
“As it stands, a diagnostic category that encompasses both CEOs and people who cannot live independently may have outlived its usefulness,” Khazan argues.
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🎨: James Zucco