07/19/2026
Can Horses Smell Human Fear?
Olfaction, or the sense of smell, is one of the most important ways animals communicate, yet its role in emotional communication between different species remains poorly understood.
While previous research has mainly focused on communication between members of the same species, growing evidence suggests that odours may also influence interactions between humans and animals.
This study investigated whether horses respond differently to human odours associated with different emotional states. Cotton pads carrying human scent collected during fear-inducing or joyful situations, as well as unused control pads, were presented to 43 horses during a series of behavioural tests, including suddenness, novelty, grooming, and human approach tests.
The results showed that horses exposed to fear-related human odours displayed stronger fear responses and were less willing to interact with humans compared to horses exposed to joyful or control odours.
Specifically, horses exposed to fear odours touched humans less during approach tests, paid more attention to novel objects, and showed stronger startle responses, including increased heart rate, during sudden events.
These findings suggest that horses can detect and respond to emotional information carried in human body odours. The study highlights the importance of chemosignals in human–horse interactions and suggests that a handler’s emotional state may influence horses in subtle but measurable ways.
This may have important implications for training, handling, and welfare, particularly in situations where horses are exposed to stressed or anxious humans.
Limitations of this study include the restricted sample population, potential influence of the audience horse during testing, and variability in physiological measures such as cortisol and heart rate data, which may limit the strength and generalisability of the findings.
You can read this paper here: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0337948&utm_source=pr&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=plos006&tblci=GiDrS5mTJ_XzTHax8DkDujjbJZYqOzPyW-KIkaNkp1yHjSDShVcooL_9nbyzpLMBMMvvSA