14/07/2026
How Can We Promote Osseointegration and Preserve Prosthetic Fixation ?
For many years, the success of total hip and knee arthroplasty was primarily attributed to implant design and surgical technique. Today, we know that the biological quality of the host bone is also a major determinant of implant longevity.
Concepts such as Periprosthetic Bone Preservation and Orthogeriatric Optimization are reshaping the paradigm: the long term survival of an arthroplasty begins before the patient enters the operating room. Within this context, I propose Biological Optimization of Arthroplasty (BOA), which integrates these principles into a systematic strategy for optimizing the patient’s biological status.
Assessing bone health, obtaining DXA scans in at-risk patients, correcting vitamin D deficiency, optimizing mineral metabolism, and identifying osteoporosis in a timely manner are interventions that should be incorporated into preoperative optimization. When clinically indicated, pharmacologic treatment with teriparatide, denosumab, or zoledronic acid, together with calcium and vitamin D supplementation when appropriate, represents a strategy to preserve periprosthetic bone stock.
The goal is not merely to achieve stable initial fixation. We also aim to preserve bone surrounding the implant, reduce periprosthetic bone loss, decrease the risk of periprosthetic fractures, help reduce the risk of aseptic loosening, and ultimately prolong the functional longevity of the arthroplasty.
Today, arthroplasty should be understood as the integration of biomaterials engineering, surgical precision, biomechanics, bone biology, mineral metabolism, rehabilitation, evidence based regenerative medicine, and precision medicine.
As a reconstructive hip and knee arthroplasty surgeon, I believe we must evolve toward a new paradigm: replacing a joint is no longer enough; we must also optimize the patient’s biology to preserve the bone that will maintain stable and durable implant fixation for many years.
I am Dr. Pedro Antonio Sánchez Mesa, MD, PhD(c), DHC (x4). I would be interested in hearing your perspective. Do you agree with this approach?