25/08/2026
Creatine and collagen supplements: are they worth taking?
We are increasingly asked whether creatine or collagen supplements are worthwhile. Both are heavily marketed, but the strength of the evidence differs.
CREATINE
Creatine is a naturally occurring substance that helps muscles produce energy. Of the many supplements available, creatine monohydrate has some of the best supporting evidence.
When combined with regular resistance exercise, it can produce modest improvements in strength, exercise performance and muscle mass. It may be particularly useful for older adults trying to preserve muscle strength, and for vegetarians or vegans, whose dietary intake is usually lower. Taking creatine without exercising is much less likely to provide a meaningful benefit. Claims about improved memory and brain health remain interesting but are not yet sufficiently established for us to recommend it for that reason alone.
For most healthy adults, 3ā5 grams of creatine monohydrate daily is sufficient; a high-dose āloading phaseā is unnecessary. Some people experience temporary water-related weight gain or digestive upset.
Creatine appears safe for people with healthy kidneys when taken at recommended doses. However, it can raise the blood creatinine level and make routine kidney results appear worse without actually reducing kidney function. Tell your clinician before having blood tests. Anyone with kidney disease, who is pregnant or breastfeeding, or who takes medicines that may affect the kidneys should seek medical advice first.
COLLAGEN
Collagen supplements are usually sold for younger-looking skin, healthier joints, hair or nails. Once swallowed, collagen is digested into amino acids and small peptides; it does not travel directly to the skin or joints.
Some trials report small improvements in skin hydration, elasticity and wrinkles after several months, and there is some evidence of modest symptom improvement in osteoarthritis. However, many studies are small, use different products and are funded by manufacturers. A major 2025 review found that the apparent skin benefits disappeared when only higher-quality or independently funded studies were considered. The evidence for improving hair, nails, bone strength or sporting performance remains limited. (https://www.amjmed.com/article/S0002-9343%2825%2900283-9/fulltext)
Collagen is generally well tolerated, although it can cause digestive symptoms and may be unsuitable for people with allergies to its fish, shellfish, bovine or porcine source.
OUR VIEW
Creatine is a reasonable optional addition for someone undertaking regular strength training, but it cannot replace the exercise itself. Collagen may offer a small benefit for some people, particularly for joint symptoms, but the evidence is less convincing and it can be expensive.
For most people, the priorities remain a balanced diet containing adequate protein, regular resistance exercise, not smoking andāwhen thinking about skin ageingādaily sun protection. Supplements should complement these measures, not replace them.