Sunshine Neuro And ortho care, 25&26, MTH Road, Chennai (2026)

06/08/2026

Myopathies

What is Myopathies?
Myopathy is the medical term for muscle disease. Patients with myopathy develop weakness in the large muscles around the neck, shoulders, and hips. This causes difficulty in climbing stairs, getting up from a chair or toilet seat, or reaching for objects overhead. Some patients with myopathy develop weakness of the throat muscles involved in swallowing, and this may cause choking or aspiration of food into the lungs when eating. Others may experience shortness of breath and cough due to inflammation of the lungs.

Two types of inflammatory myopathies are polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Polymyositis is an inflammation of the muscle tissue that leads to weakness, and dermatomyositis is characterized by immune inflammation of muscles, as well as by the presence of a rash. This rash, which appears as a purple or red discoloration of the upper eyelids, is present in almost all children with inflammatory myopathy. “People with dermatomyositis may also have lung inflammation (pneumonitis), and children may have an inflammation of the blood vessels and calcium deposits in the skin referred to as calcinosis, ” explains patient fact sheet.

Visit our expert Dr. Revathy V Consultant Physician and Nuerologist at Sunshine Neuro and Ortho Care at Chennai, Ambattur for treatment of Myopathies.

Are there different types of myopathies?
Myopathy can be categorized by its cause. Basically, myopathies are separated into two categories: inherited and acquired.

Inherited myopathies
Inherited myopathies are those that you’re born with, often from inheriting an abnormal gene mutation from a parent that causes the disease. Conditions that are inherited myopathies include:

Congenital myopathies

Symptoms of congenital myopathies usually start at birth or in early childhood, but may not appear until the teen years or even later in adulthood. Congenital myopathies are somewhat unique compared with other inherited myopathies, as weakness typically affects all muscles (not just the ones closest to the center of your body) and is often not progressive.

Mitochondrial myopathies

Mitochondrial myopathy is caused by a defect in the mitochondria, which are the energy-producing part of cells. These conditions have muscle weakness, but also a variety of other symptoms, as mitochondrial disorders typically affect other organ systems like your heart, brain and gastrointestinal tract. Diseases in this group can be caused by gene mutations with or without a family history.

Metabolic myopathies

Defects in genes that code for enzymes that are needed for normal muscle function and movement cause metabolic myopathies. They often show as exercise intolerance, exertional muscle pains in your shoulders and thighs, or non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis (muscle fiber condition). These can also happen with episodes of weakness that come and go with other times of normal strength.

Muscular dystrophies

Muscular dystrophies are characterized by progressive degeneration of muscle tissue due to abnormal or insufficient structural support proteins being present. They all involve your arms and/or legs to varying degrees, and some involve the muscles of your eyes or face.

Acquired myopathies
Acquired myopathies develop later in life and can be due to other medical disorders, infections, exposure to certain medications or electrolyte imbalances, among other possibilities. Conditions that are acquired myopathies include:

Autoimmune/inflammatory myopathy

Autoimmune/inflammatory myopathies are diseases in which your body attacks itself, causing problems with muscle function.

Toxic myopathy

Toxic myopathy happens when a toxin or medication interferes with muscle structure or function.

Toxins: Alcohol and toluene (a v***r in spray paint and other substances that can be inhaled by people who abuse substances).
Medications: Checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy (pembrolizumab, nivolumab), corticosteroids (prednisone), cholesterol-lowering drugs (statins), amiodarone, colchicine, chloroquine, antivirals and protease inhibitors used in the treatment of HIV infection, omeprazole.
Endocrine myopathies

Endocrine myopathies happen when hormones interfere with muscle function.

Thyroid: Low thyroid (hypothyroidism) is more common, but increased thyroid (hyperthyroidism) can also be problematic.
Parathyroid: Hyperparathyroidism resulting in increased calcium levels.
Adrenal: Addison’s disease and Cushing syndrome.
Infectious myopathies

Infectious myopathies occur as the result of infections that affect muscle function. These include:

Viral infections like HIV, influenza, Epstein-Barr.
Bacterial pyomyositis.
Lyme disease.
Parasitic infections like trichinosis, toxoplasmosis, cysticercosis.
Fungal infections like Candida, Coccidiomycosis.
Electrolyte imbalance

High or low levels of the following electrolytes can interfere with muscle function:

Potassium: Hypokalemia (low), hyperkalemia (high).
Magnesium: Hypermagnesemia (high).
Critical illness myopathy

Critical illness myopathy is a disease of your limbs and the muscles that help you breathe (respiratory muscles). It develops while you’re being cared for in an intensive care unit, and may be caused in part by being in bed for a long period of time (prolonged immobility), or by the medications used during your care, such as muscle relaxants, corticosteroids or sedatives.

Symptoms and Causes
Who gets myopathy and how common is it?
Anyone can get a myopathy.

Factors that might increase your risk include:

Having a family history of myopathy. This increases the likelihood you might inherit an abnormal gene that causes muscle disease.
Being male. Some myopathies are carried on the X chromosome, and actually affect more men than women. Other inherited forms of myopathy carried on other chromosomes affect everyone equally.
Having an autoimmune, metabolic or endocrine disorder.
Being exposed to certain medications or toxins (see toxic myopathy below for a list of some of these medications).
How common myopathies are depends on their type. In acquired myopathies, for example:

Inflammatory and endocrine myopathies are more common than other types and are more common in females than males.
The number of people diagnosed with inflammatory myopathy is between 9 and 32 per 100, 000.
Anywhere from 25% to 79% of adults with hypothyroidism will develop muscle symptoms; though, overt myopathy might be as low as 10%.
The most common inherited myopathies are muscular dystrophies and these are typically more common in males.

Duchenne’s and Becker’s muscular dystrophies are the most common, with 7 per 100, 000 people worldwide.
Mitochondrial disorders affect 1 in 5, 000 people, and most affect skeletal muscle. Other forms of inherited myopathies are rare.
What are the symptoms of myopathy?
Many myopathies share common symptoms. These common symptoms include:

Muscle weakness, most commonly of your upper arms and shoulders and thighs (more common and more severe).
Muscle cramps, stiffness and spasms.
Fatigue with exertion.
Lack of energy.
What does myopathy feel like?
Most myopathies share the common symptom of symmetric muscle weakness (similar on both sides of your body), especially in proximal muscles. Proximal muscles are those closest to the center of your body, such as the muscles in your shoulders, upper arms, hips and thighs. This can lead to the following:

Difficulty performing activities of daily living such as bathing, dressing or combing your hair.
Trouble getting out of a chair, climbing stairs or performing tasks that require reaching over your head, like changing a ceiling light bulb.
Muscle cramps or spasms.
Muscle fatigue with activity.
Shortness of breath with exertion.
The muscles in your hands or feet aren’t usually affected.

Other symptoms vary depending on the type of myopathy.

Muscle weakness can be either non-progressive, or very slowly progressive.
In some disorders, muscle weakness is intermittent with other normal periods of strength.
Slow development of skills requiring the use of muscles in children (such as walking, hopping, climbing stairs or grasping a spoon or pencil).
Children who can’t keep up with their peers during sports or games like tag.
Trouble with the muscles that control your swallowing and speech, which can lead to choking and slurring of words.
Diagnosis and Tests
What do I do if I think I have myopathy?
You should first contact your primary care doctor to alert them to the symptoms you’re concerned about. Depending on the nature of your symptoms, you might be referred to a specialist such as a neurologist or a rheumatologist.

How is myopathy diagnosed?
Your healthcare provider will ask about your medical and family history, prescription drug history and your symptoms. Your healthcare provider will conduct a physical exam, which will include an exam of your skin, reflexes, muscle strength, balance, and sensation.

Tests your healthcare provider may order include:

Blood tests:
Muscle enzymes such as creatine kinase (CK) or aldolase may be elevated in certain myopathies as a result of the breakdown of muscle fibers.
Electrolyte levels such as sodium, magnesium, potassium, calcium and phosphorus.
Autoimmune disease testing such as antinuclear antibodies (ANA), rheumatoid factor, sedimentation rate and c-reactive protein.
Endocrine testing such as thyroid hormone.
Electromyography (EMG and nerve conduction studies), including testing the electrical conduction of your nerves and needle examination of your muscles to assess the type and degree of muscle damage.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of your muscles.
Genetic tests.
Muscle biopsy, in which your healthcare provider surgically removes a small piece of muscle tissue for testing.
Management and Treatment
How is myopathy treated?
After determining your specific type of myopathy, your healthcare provider will develop a treatment plan specific to your symptoms.

Most treatments include physical therapy, occupational therapy and some form of exercise. Other treatments are more specific and based on the type of myopathy. In general, most acquired myopathies can be well controlled and treated to minimize weakness and symptoms. Some inherited myopathies have specific treatments that can stop the progression of the disease. At the present time, most inherited myopathies don’t have specific treatments, but people can benefit from physical therapy and certain types of exercise.

Inflammatory and autoimmune-related myopathies
The goal of treatment is to decrease inflammation and your body’s autoimmune response. These myopathies are often treated with:

Immunomodulatory/immunosuppressant drugs such as methotrexate, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, azathioprine, mycophenolate, rituximab and intravenous (IVIg) or subcutaneous (SubQIg) immunoglobulin.
Corticosteroids such as prednisone or methylprednisolone.
Inherited and genetic myopathies
Most inherited and genetic myopathies don’t have a specific treatment or cure. Management is largely based on symptom control and different forms of therapy. There are multiple ongoing clinical trials in various areas of research looking at treatments and gene therapy.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy and Pompe disease are disorders that can be treated with specific medication.

Other acquired myopathies
Healthcare providers manage acquired myopathies including endocrine, toxic and infectious myopathies by treating the underlying disease causing the myopathy. Toxin-related myopathies are treated by stopping the offending agent (alcohol or toluene, for example) or medication (statins, for example). Muscle symptoms that result from infections caused by bacteria, viruses or other infectious organisms are improved by treating the infection directly with antibiotics.

Living With
How do I take care of myself?
Although myopathy is a long-term (chronic) disease whether inherited or acquired, you can take steps to improve your health to help control your illness. These might include:

Eat a healthy, well-balanced diet full of a variety of fruits and vegetables.
Stay active with mild cardiovascular exercise. It may be recommended to avoid certain types of weight lifting depending on your myopathy type, and you should discuss this with your doctor prior to starting any exercise routine.
Maintain a healthy weight.
If you have a dermatomyositis rash, protect your skin from sunlight, which can worsen the rash. Wear full-cover clothing and a hat when able. Be sure to apply sunscreen with a sun-protective factor (SPF) of at least 30 before going outdoors.
If you have trouble swallowing, eat soft or semisolid foods. Consider pureeing your food. If you’re bedbound, eat sitting up in bed.
Take all medications as prescribed.
Participate in your therapies if recommended — physical, occupational or speech.

Best treatment for Myopathies is given by Dr. Revathy V neurologist at Sunshine Neuro and Ortho Care at Chennai, Ambattur. For more info visit us at http://www.sunshineneuroandorthocare.com/latest-update/myopathies/95?utm_source=facebookpage

06/08/2026

Myasthenia gravis

Myasthenia gravis Overview -
What is myasthenia gravis?
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune condition that causes skeletal muscle weakness. These are the muscles that connect to your bones and help you move. Myasthenia gravis usually targets the muscles in your eyes, face, neck, arms and legs. It can affect your ability to:

Move your eyes or blink.
Keep your eyes open.
Make facial expressions.
Chew, swallow and talk.
Raise your arms up and lift objects.
Walk upstairs or get up from a chair.
Muscle weakness gets worse after physical activity and improves after rest. Symptoms usually happen quickly.

Myasthenia gravis is a chronic (long-lasting) neuromuscular condition (it affects the junction between your nerves and muscles). There isn’t a cure, but effective treatment can help you manage your symptoms and function well.

What are the types of myasthenia gravis?
The types of myasthenia gravis include:

Autoimmune myasthenia: It’s an autoimmune condition where the cause isn’t well understood but the likely cause is the production of certain types of antibodies (immune system proteins). This is the most common type.
Neonatal myasthenia: A fetus gets certain antibodies from their birth mother who has myasthenia gravis. An infant may have a weak cry or sucking reflex at birth. These temporary symptoms usually go away after three months.
Congenital myasthenia: It isn’t an autoimmune condition, and a genetic change causes this type.
There are two subtypes of autoimmune myasthenia:

Ocular: The muscles that move your eyes and eyelids weaken. Your eyelids may droop, or you may not be able to keep your eyes open. Some people have double vision. Eye weakness is often the first sign of myasthenia. Ocular myasthenia gravis may evolve into the generalized form for nearly half of all people diagnosed with this type.
Generalized: Muscle weakness affects your eye muscles and others in your face, neck, arms, legs and throat. You may find it difficult to speak or swallow, lift your arms over your head, stand up from a seated position, walk long distances and climb stairs.
How common is myasthenia gravis?
Myasthenia gravis affects about 20 out of every 100, 000 people around the world. The actual number may be higher, as some people with mild cases may not know they have the condition. In the United States, there are approximately 60, 000 people affected by myasthenia gravis at any given time.

Treatment for Myasthenia gravis is done at Sunshine Nuero and Ortho Care Chennai, Ambattur by our expert and best specialist Dr. Revethy V, Consultant physician and Neurologist.

Symptoms and Causes

What are the symptoms of myasthenia gravis?
Symptoms of myasthenia gravis may include:

Muscle weakness in your arms, hands, fingers, legs and neck.
Fatigue.
Droopy eyelids (ptosis).
Blurry or double vision.
Limited facial expressions.
Difficulty speaking, swallowing or chewing.
Trouble walking.
Initial symptoms of myasthenia gravis happen suddenly. Your muscles usually get weaker when you’re active. Muscle strength returns when you rest. The intensity of muscle weakness often changes from day to day. Most people feel strongest at the start of the day and weakest at the end of the day.

In rare instances, myasthenia gravis affects muscles in your respiratory system. You may have shortness of breath or more serious breathing problems. Contact 911 or your local emergency services number if you have trouble breathing. In general, this doesn’t occur suddenly.

What causes myasthenia gravis?
Myasthenia gravis (autoimmune type) happens when your body’s immune system mistakenly attacks itself. Researchers aren’t sure why this happens. Studies suggest that certain immune system cells in your thymus gland have trouble identifying what’s a threat to your body (like bacteria or viruses) versus healthy components.

A genetic change causes congenital myasthenia. Antibodies passed from a birth mother to a fetus during pregnancy cause neonatal myasthenia.

How does myasthenia gravis affect my body?
Myasthenia gravis affects communication between nerves and muscles.

When your immune system is working as expected, nerves and muscles work together. It’s similar to a baseball game:

Nerves (the pitcher) send signals to muscles (the catcher) across a synapse (field) called the neuromuscular junction. To communicate, nerves release a molecule called acetylcholine (the baseball).
Muscles have sites called acetylcholine receptors (the catcher’s glove). The acetylcholine binds to its receptors in the muscle tissue, like a ball landing in a glove.
When the acetylcholine binds to its receptor, it triggers the muscle fiber to contract.
Nerves signal muscles effortlessly, like one ball player catching a ball and throwing it to a teammate.
If you have myasthenia gravis, antibodies destroy the receptor sites, blocking nerve-muscle communication. The “catcher” can’t catch the ball, and communication becomes sluggish or doesn’t work at all.

Is myasthenia gravis inherited?
It’s rare to inherit autoimmune myasthenia gravis. You can inherit congenital myasthenia or neonatal myasthenia. Types where inheritance happens usually occur in an autosomal recessive pattern where you need two genes, one from each biological parent, to experience symptoms.

What are the risk factors for myasthenia gravis?
Myasthenia gravis is most common among females around age 40 and males after age 60. The condition can affect anyone at any age.

You may be more at risk of developing myasthenia gravis if you:

Have a history of other autoimmune conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus.
Have thyroid disease.
If you have myasthenia gravis, your symptoms could trigger (start) if you:

Take medications for malaria and heart arrhythmias.
Underwent surgery.
Had an infection.
What are the complications of myasthenia gravis?
Weakness and fatigue from myasthenia gravis can keep you from participating in activities you enjoy. This may lead to stress and depression. However, studies also show that most people with myasthenia gravis can tolerate light activities and exercises on a routine basis.

Up to 1 in 5 people with myasthenia gravis experience a myasthenic crisis or severe respiratory muscle weakness. You may need a respirator or other treatments to help you breathe. This is a life-threatening medical emergency. An estimated 20% of people with myasthenia gravis experience at least one myasthenic crisis in their lifetime.

What is the connection between the thymus gland and myasthenia gravis?
Many people with myasthenia gravis have thymus gland conditions that may trigger symptoms. The thymus is a small organ in your upper chest. It’s part of your lymphatic system. It makes white blood cells that fight infections. Two-thirds of people with myasthenia gravis have overactive thymic cells (thymic hyperplasia). About 1 in 10 people with myasthenia gravis have thymus gland tumors called thymomas, which may be benign (not cancer) or cancerous.

Diagnosis and Tests
How is myasthenia gravis diagnosed?
To diagnose myasthenia gravis, your healthcare provider will perform a physical exam and ask detailed questions to learn more about your symptoms and medical history. Testing confirms a diagnosis. It may include:

Blood antibody tests: About 85% of people with myasthenia gravis have unusually high levels of acetylcholine receptor antibodies in their blood. Approximately 6% of people diagnosed have muscle-specific kinase (MuSK) antibodies.
Imaging scans: An MRI or CT scan can check for thymus gland problems like tumors.
Electromyography (EMG): An EMG measures the electrical activity of muscles and nerves. This test detects communication problems between nerves and muscles.
Myasthenia gravis stages
There are five main classifications of myasthenia gravis that your healthcare provider may use during a diagnosis:

Class I: Muscle weakness only affects your eyes (ocular muscle).
Class II: Muscle weakness is mild.
Class III: Muscle weakness is moderate.
Class IV: Muscle weakness is severe.
Class V: Severe muscle weakness affects how you breathe. You may need intubation or mechanical ventilation.
Management and Treatment

How is myasthenia gravis treated?
There’s no cure for myasthenia gravis. But effective treatment is available to help manage your symptoms. Treatments may include:

Medications: Certain medications can reduce your symptoms.
Monoclonal antibodies: You’ll receive intravenous (IV) or subcutaneous (SQ) infusions of biologically engineered proteins. These proteins suppress an overactive immune system.
Plasma exchange (plasmapheresis): An IV connected to a machine removes harmful antibodies from your blood plasma and replaces them with donor plasma or a plasma solution.
IV or SQ immunoglobulin (IVIG or SCIG): You’ll receive IV infusions of donor antibodies over two to five days. IVIG or SCIG can treat myasthenia crisis, as well as generalized myasthenia gravis.
Surgery: A thymectomy is surgery to remove the thymus gland.
Myasthenia gravis medications
Common medications to treat myasthenia gravis include:

Cholinesterase inhibitors (anticholinesterase): They boost signals between nerves and muscles to improve muscle strength.
Immunosuppressants: Medications like corticosteroids decrease inflammation and reduce your body’s production of abnormal antibodies.
Side effects are possible with these medications. Talk to your healthcare provider to learn more before starting a new medication.

How can I alleviate myasthenia gravis symptoms?
If you have myasthenia gravis, try these steps to ease fatigue and boost muscle strength:

Exercise regularly to strengthen muscles, boost your mood and give you more energy. Talk to your healthcare provider before starting an exercise program to make sure it’s safe.
Avoid going outside in the middle of a hot day. Apply cold compresses to your neck and forehead when you feel overheated. Heat can make your symptoms worse.
Get plenty of protein and carbohydrates in your meals for added energy.
Tackle your most exhausting tasks earlier in the day when you feel your best.
Take naps or rest breaks throughout the day.

Please do visit our best and top neuro specialist and expert Dr. Revathy V, at Sunshine Neuro and Ortho Care.
For more info visit us at http://www.sunshineneuroandorthocare.com/latest-update/myasthenia-gravis/94?utm_source=facebookpage

06/08/2026

Kyphosis

What is kyphosis?
A normal spine, when viewed from behind, appears straight. However, a spine affected by kyphosis shows evidence of a forward curvature of the back bones (vertebrae) in the upper back area, giving an abnormally rounded or “humpback” appearance.

Kyphosis is defined as a curvature of the spine measuring 50 degrees or greater on an X-ray, a diagnostic test that uses invisible electromagnetic energy beams to produce images of internal tissues, bones and organs onto film. The normal spine can bend from 20 to 45 degrees of curvature in the upper back area. Kyphosis is a type of spinal deformity.

Kyphosis treatment is done by Dr.G.Prabu, top and best orthopedic consultant and orthopedic surgeon in Chennai, Ambattur, at Sunshine Neuro And Ortho Care.

What are the different types of kyphosis?
Postural Kyphosis
Postural kyphosis, or postural roundback, is thoracic kyphosis greater than 50 degrees with normal-shaped vertebrae. This type of kyphosis is flexible and often improves with exercises.

Scheuermann’s Kyphosis
Scheuermann’s kyphosis refers to a type of kyphosis where the vertebrae have developed a wedge shape. This type of kyphosis is more rigid and can worsen with growth. This occurs in 0.4 percent of the population, with males and females affected equally.

Congenital Kyphosis
A diagnosis of congenital kyphosis assumes a difference in the shape of one or more vertebrae. This difference is present at birth. The child is noted at birth to have an outward curve of the spine. This curve may become more noticeable with growth.

What causes kyphosis?
Kyphosis can be congenital (present at birth) or due to acquired conditions that may include the following:

Metabolic problems

Neuromuscular conditions

Osteogenesis imperfecta, also called brittle bone disease; a condition that causes bones to fracture with minimal force.

Spina bifida

Scheuermann’s kyphosis: a condition that causes the vertebrae to curve forward in the upper back area; the cause of Scheuermann’s kyphosis is unknown and is commonly seen in males.

Postural kyphosis: the most common type of kyphosis; it generally becomes noticeable in adolescence and can be associated with slouching versus a spinal abnormality. Exercise is used to help correct posture.

Kyphosis is more common in females than males.

What are the symptoms of kyphosis?
The following are the most common symptoms of kyphosis. However, each individual may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may include:

Difference in shoulder height

The head bends forward compared to the rest of the body

Difference in shoulder blade height or position

When bending forward, the height of the upper back appears higher than normal

Tight hamstrings (back thigh) muscles

Back pain may be present, but rarely is it significant enough to impact normal activity

Parents and loved ones may comment on the child’s “poor posture” or use the words “humpback” or “hunchback” to describe the child’s posture.

What are the risk factors of kyphosis?
Two risk factors for developing kyphosis are having osteoporosis or low bone density, or having a family member with the condition.

How is kyphosis diagnosed?
The doctor makes the diagnosis of kyphosis with a complete medical history, physical examination and diagnostic tests. If the patient is a child, the doctor obtains a complete prenatal and birth history of him or her and asks if other family members are known to have kyphosis. The doctor will also ask about developmental milestones, since some types of kyphosis can be associated with other neuromuscular disorders. Developmental delays may require further medical evaluation.

Diagnostic procedures may include the following:

X-rays. A diagnostic test that uses invisible electromagnetic energy beams to produce images of internal tissues, bones and organs onto film. This test is used to measure and evaluate the curve. With the use of a standing lateral, full-spine X-ray, the doctor or radiologist measures the angle of the spinal curve. A curve greater than 50 degrees is considered abnormal or hyperkyphosis.

Early detection of kyphosis is important for successful treatment. Pediatricians or family doctors, and even some school programs, routinely look for signs that kyphosis may be present.

Treatment of Kyphosis
Other than possible pain, kyphosis — except for the congenital variety — rarely produces harmful effects on the important organs and structures inside the body. Treatment is therefore based on the symptoms a person may be experiencing. For example, for those complaining of pain, exercises to strengthen the core muscles and pain-relieving medications are used. For those concerned with how the curvature appears, bracing or postural exercises may be used.

Surgery is only needed in severe cases of kyphosis.

In deciding the treatment for kyphosis, we consider the child’s age and amount of growth remaining. We also consider the degree of deformity and presence/absence of back pain.

Exercise
For mild increases in kyphosis and the flexible postural curves, physical therapy is often prescribed. A daily home exercise program focusing on core strengthening and back extensor stretching and strengthening is often successful in managing the problem appearance and pain associated with kyphosis.

Bracing
A Milwaukee brace or a supraclavicular brace are used to prevent worsening and often even correct kyphosis in actively growing children. The brace is prescribed by an orthopaedic specialist and made by an orthotist. A brace is indicated in actively growing children with kyphosis curves greater than 65 degrees. The brace is typically prescribed to be worn 23 hours a day until the adolescent is done growing.

Surgery
An adolescent with severe kyphosis causing pain or appearance concerns may elect to have this deformity fixed with surgery. The surgery for kyphosis is a posterior spinal fusion with instrumentation. The surgery itself takes four to five hours with a hospital stay of three to four days. The recovery is typically four to six weeks at home.

This surgery involves exposing the bones and muscles of the spine through an incision made straight down the middle of the back. The incision is only the length of the deformity needing correction. The bones of the spine are released and prepared.

Then, 2-inch screws made of titanium are placed in the pedicles. Each vertebra has a strong strut of bone on either side called a pedicle. The center of the vertebral column is hollow, forming a channel to house the spinal cord and cerebrospinal fluid. Extreme caution is taken to protect the spinal cord. Steps we take include pedicle screw placement using real-time X-ray (fluoroscopy) for guidance and continuous monitoring of the activity of the spinal cord. This is done by placing electrodes on the child from the head to the toes and measuring the signals back and forth. A specialist called a neurophysiologist is in charge of interpreting the spinal cord monitoring and alerting the surgeon of any changes.

Once all the pedicle screws are in position, the kyphosis is corrected. This is a maneuver performed by the surgeon allowing for correction of the arch in the spine. The rods, made of cobalt chrome, are then threaded through the screws and the screws are locked down. Bone graft is taken from the patient’s own rib. This is cut into small matchsticks and packed in along the back of the spine to create the spinal fusion.

Finally, the muscle layers are closed with stitches that dissolve inside the body. The outermost skin layer is closed with butterfly closures or stitch tapes. These adhesive stitches fall off on their own, after the skin has knit itself back together.

Visit Sunshine Neuro and Ortho Care in Chennai, Ambattur for further any type orthopedic treatment & meet our Specialist and Expert Dr.G.Prabu orthopedic Surgeon and Consultant.
For more info visit us at http://www.sunshineneuroandorthocare.com/latest-update/kyphosis/93?utm_source=facebookpage

Address

25&26, MTH Road
Chennai
600053

Telephone

+919150310152

Website

http://www.sunshineneuroandorthocare.com/

Alerts

Be the first to know and let us send you an email when Sunshine Neuro And ortho care posts news and promotions. Your email address will not be used for any other purpose, and you can unsubscribe at any time.

Contact The Practice

Send a message to Sunshine Neuro And ortho care:

Sunshine Neuro And ortho care

06/08/2026

06/08/2026

06/08/2026

Address

Telephone

Website

Alerts

Contact The Practice

Shortcuts

Share

Category

Listing takedown request