22/06/2022
Complete Blood Count (CBC)
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What does abnormal CBC result indicate?
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Abnormal RBC count
A low RBC count may be due to:
Anemia due to prolonged bleeding or blood loss (hemorrhage), a diet lacking iron or certain vitamins, certain types of chemotherapy, blood disorders or chronic disease Lymphomas
- Cancers of the blood
- Bone marrow disorders
- Nutritional deficiency
- Chronic Kidney disease
Chronic inflammatory disease
A high RBC count may be due to:
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- Dehydration, such as from severe diarrhea
- tumours
- Lung diseases
- Smoking
- Polycythemia vera
Abnormal Hemoglobin and Hematocrit
It usually mirrors RBC results and provides added information
Abnormal MCV
Low MCV may indicate:
RBCs are smaller than normal. It can be caused by iron deficiency anemia or thalassemias.
High MCV may indicate:
RBCs are larger than normal. It can occur in cases such as anemia caused by vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, liver disease, hypothyroidism.
Abnormal MCH
It usually mirrors MCV results.
Abnormal MCHC
Low MCHC may indicate:
Conditions such as iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia.
High MCHC may indicate:
Conditions where the hemoglobin is more concentrated inside the red cells, such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
Abnormal RDW
Low RDW may indicate:
Uniformity in size of Red blood cells.
High RDW may indicate:
A mixed population of small and large RBCs. In cases such as iron deficiency anemia or pernicious anemia, there is a high variation in RBC size causing an increase in the RDW.
Abnormal Reticulocyte Count
Low Reticulocyte count may indicate:
A condition affecting the production of red blood cells, such as bone marrow disorder or a nutritional deficiency.
High Reticulocyte count may indicate:
Peripheral cause, such as bleeding or hemolysis
Abnormal WBC count
A low WBC count may be due to:
- Viral infection
- Severe bacterial infection
- Bone marrow disorders
- Autoimmune conditions
- Lymphoma
- Dietary deficiencies
A high WBC count may be due to:
- Infection
- Leukemia
- Inflammation
- Stress, allergies, asthma
Abnormal Neutrophil count
A low neutrophil count, known as neutropenia, may be due to:
- Severe infection
- Immunodeficiency
- Autoimmune disorders
- Dietary deficiencies
- Reaction to drugs
- Bone marrow damage
A high neutrophil count, known as neutrophilia, may be due to:
- Acute bacterial infections
- Inflammation
- Stress, Trauma
- Certain leukemias
Abnormal Lymphocyte count
A low lymphocyte count, known as lymphocytopenia, may be due to:
- Autoimmune disorders
- Infections
- Bone marrow damage
- Corticosteroids
A high lymphocyte count, known as lymphocytosis, may be due to:
- Acute viral infections
- Certain bacterial infections
- Chronic inflammatory disorder
- Lymphocytic leukemia, lymphoma
- Acute stress
Abnormal Monocyte count
Repeated low monocyte counts may be due to:
- Bone marrow damage or failure
- Hairy cell leukemia
- Aplastic anemia
A high monocyte count may be due to:
- Chronic infections
- Infection within the heart
- Collagen vascular diseases
- Monocytic or myelomonocytic leukemia
Abnormal Eosinophil count
Occasional low numbers are usually not medically significant.
A high eosinophil count may be due to:
- Asthma, allergies such as hay fever
- Drug reactions
- Parasitic infections
- Inflammatory disorders
- Some cancers, leukemias or lymphomas
Abnormal Basophil count
Occasional low numbers are usually not medically significant.
A high basophil count may be due to:
- Rare allergic reactions
- Inflammation
- Some leukemias
- Uremia
Abnormal Platelet count
A low platelet count may be due to:
- Cancer, such as leukemia or lymphoma
- Autoimmune diseases
- Bacterial infection
- Viral infection like dengue
- Chemotherapy or radiation therapy
- Certain drugs, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
A high platelet count may be due to:
- Bone marrow disorders
- Essential thrombocythemia
- Anemia
- Infection
- Surgical removal of the spleen
- Polycythemia vera
- Some types of leukemia
Abnormal MPV
Low MPV may indicate: A condition affecting the production of platelets by the bone marrow.
High MPV may indicate:
A high number of larger and younger platelets in the blood. It may be due to the bone marrow producing and releasing platelets rapidly and prematurely into circulation.