05/16/2026
What types of midwives are there?
In the US, we have several types of providers and the way they practice can vary significantly state to state. Each state has unique licensing, laws, etc. Even when it comes to Certified Nurse Midwives with state licensing, their level of autonomy varies.
The lack of well integrated midwifery care in the US influences access and overall US maternal child health stats.
Some terms overlap, might be used interchangeably, and definition can vary with context. Not listed in any particular order:
✨️ Certified Nurse Midwife (CNM) - has a bachelors in nursing and masters degree in midwifery, licensed on par with Nurse Practitioners
✨️ Certified Midwife (CM) - has a bachelors, but not in nursingn complete the same advanced degree CNMs complete
✨️Certified Professional Midwife (CPM) - completes an apprenticeship (may also attend midwifery school) and passes the NARM exam
✨️Direct Entry Midwife - might be used to refer to any non-nurse midwife, or describes a midwife who trained but did not pursue NARM accrediation
✨️Traditional Midwife - might be used to describe any midwife based on practice style, or might mean a midwife trained through apprenticeship only
✨️”Birth Keeper” - a term that is sometimes used by non midwives who attend births. There’s no formal midwifery training, may not have any birth emergency skills training, and might have attended only a few births
A birth keeper is not a midwife, but might market themselves as an alternative to a midwife. It is important for anyone seeking home birth care to make informed decisions and know the education, skill level, and experience of anyone they hire.
While CNM are more integrated into the US system this does not equate with better care when we consider the midwifery model as distinct from medicine.
All qualified and well trained birth attendants can safely play a role in maternity care.
The challenge in the US is there are not always clear terms, state laws, etc., so parents must do their due diligence.
REPOST(some edits)
I am a CNM, educated at Emory, licensed in GA, practicing traditional midwifery. -Crystal Bailey