09/08/2026
Scientists have completed the first fully mapped central nervous system of a male fruit fly, tracing 166,691 neurons across its brain and ventral nerve cord, the insect equivalent of a spinal cord.
Called a connectome, this detailed wiring diagram reveals how neurons are organized and linked throughout the male fly’s nervous system. The dataset gives researchers a powerful new way to investigate how the brain produces complex actions, from sensing the environment and controlling movement to courtship and aggression.
The breakthrough becomes even more valuable when paired with the female fruit fly brain connectome released in 2024, which contains roughly 140,000 neurons. For the first time, scientists can directly compare neural maps from both sexes of an animal known for complex social behavior.