11/09/2026
👋 How can we draw reliable treatment conclusions when randomised controlled trials in orthopaedics aren't feasible?
👩⚕️ 👨⚕️ Conducting RCTs for surgical interventions comes with major ethical and practical hurdles, such as blinding limitations and strong patient preferences. That's where modern causal inference methods step in!
📰 A new scoping review in EFORT Open Review mapped 85 orthopaedic studies to analyse how clinicians and researchers use observational data to estimate causal effects.
🌟 Key Highlights:
👉 Top Methods: Propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) are the most widely applied tools in orthopaedics.
❌ The Missing Step: Advanced frameworks like Target Trial Emulation (TTE) and Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) are still heavily underutilised, despite their ability to eliminate fundamental study design errors.
📑 Protocol Transparency: Less than 6% of the included observational studies published a pre-registered protocol.
👁️🗨️ Expert Recommendation: Moving forward, incorporating causal diagrams (DAGs) and pre-registered protocols will greatly enhance the credibility of non-randomised orthopaedic research.
Read the full open-access paper to learn how causal inference is transforming orthopaedic evidence! 💡👇
🔗 Read the full open-access review: https://bit.ly/EOR260705
🧑🎓Author(s): Bastian Widmer, Michael Ketzer, Michael Simon,Giusi Moffa, Elke Viehweger, Morgan Sangeux
🔔 Stay at the forefront of orthopaedic research – subscribe to EOR updates: https://bit.ly/eor_subscribe