16/09/2021
Plant Teachers: Part 1 🍫
When cacao pods are ready to be picked, they are split open and the seeds are harvested. At this point, the seeds are covered in a white, fleshy pulp, and assembled together in a long, shallow wooden box, and worked around by hand. This is where the magic of fermentation begins. Even more fascinating is that the cacao will take on the yeast and microorganisms of whomever is working it by hand, giving each batch of beans its own distinct flavor, much like vintages of wine. Fermentation is a natural process in which yeast, bacteria, or other microorganisms break down the sugar in the pulp into acidic compounds. This fermentation step is essential in making chocolate, because it triggers chemical changes that help the beans develop a wonderful chocolatey flavor. Fermentation also creates heat, sometimes upwards of 120 degrees fahrenheit, which kills the germ of the cacao bean (the part that sprouts into new life) and deteriorates the pulpy residue, allowing it to separate from the gold (or brown in this case) nugget inside. In history, this pulpy residue has been considered a waste product. It was not until sometime in the 19th century when farmers realized they could ferment the pulp into a liquor, or “cocoa wine.” Truly a heroic story of waste to wealth.
Cacao has antioxidants and contains small amounts of caffeine which have been proven to lower blood pressure, but it’s main active ingredient is theobromine, which not only influences our moods and our state of alertness. But may also act as an antitumoral, anti-inflammatory, and cardiovascular protector molecule without the undesirable side effects from caffeine. Amazingly, young cacao leaves contain up to 3-4 times more theobromine than cacao beans and smoking the leaves is said to relax muscles, improve mood, and clear the mind. 🤯