Dr. med. Georgia Koukli

Dr. med. Georgia Koukli ▫️Δρ Γεωργία Κουκλή
▫️Παιδίατρος ΓεΣΥ
▫️Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
▫️DEGUM-Certified Pediatric Ultrasound (Neonatal & Infant)

Children can become overheated much faster than adults. Babies and young children are especially at risk because they ca...
30/06/2026

Children can become overheated much faster than adults. Babies and young children are especially at risk because they cannot regulate their body temperature as well.
Watch for these symptoms:
- Hot, flushed skin
- Extreme thirst
- Tiredness, weakness, or unusual sleepiness
- Headache or Dizziness
- Nausea or vomiting
- Irritability or confusion
- Fever or a very high body temperature

When to seek urgent medical help:
Seek immediate medical care if your child:
* Becomes difficult to wake or loses consciousness
* Has confusion, seizures, or unusual behavior
* Has trouble breathing
* Has high fever
* Stops sweating despite being very hot
* Continues vomiting or cannot drink fluids
* Does not improve quickly after cooling measures

What parents should do:
* Move your child to a cool, shaded, or air-conditioned place.
* Cool the skin with cool (not ice-cold) wet cloths
* Offer frequent small sips of water
* Let your child rest
* Never leave a child alone in a parked car, even for a few minutes.

Prevention:
- Keep children well hydrated.
- Dress them in lightweight, light-colored clothing.
- Use a wide-brimmed hat and sunscreen when outdoors.
- Avoid outdoor activities during the hottest hours
- Take regular breaks in the shade.
- Babies under 6 months should be kept out of direct sunlight whenever possible.

Head injuries are very common in childhood and thankfully most are mild. Stay calm, apply a cold compress for 10–15 minu...
26/05/2026

Head injuries are very common in childhood and thankfully most are mild. Stay calm, apply a cold compress for 10–15 minute to help swelling go down faster and monitor your child closely over the next few hours.
Seek medical attention if you notice:
• loss of consciousness
• repeated vomiting
• unusual sleepiness or difficulty waking up
• seizures
• severe headache
• confusion, balance problems, or unusual behavior
• blood/fluid from the nose or ears
If your child seems well and is acting normally, they can usually sleep, just check on them periodically during the night to make sure they wake and respond normally.
Trust your instincts. If something doesn’t feel right, contact your pediatrician. #̭parentingtips

Strabismus in children.In the first weeks of life, the appearance of strabismus (the inability of the eyes to align prop...
03/05/2026

Strabismus in children.
In the first weeks of life, the appearance of strabismus (the inability of the eyes to align properly) is considered normal, as the newborn is gradually learning to coordinate eye movements.
However, if strabismus persists beyond 4–5 months of age, it should be carefully evaluated by an ophthalmologist. Strabismus is not just a cosmetic issue. If left untreated, it can lead to amblyopia (“lazy eye”) and, later on, to a permanent reduction in vision in one eye.
Normally, the eyes are aligned in parallel so they move together, focus on the same point and send corresponding images to the brain.
In strabismus, the visual axes are not parallel, causing the eyes to send different images. This can result in diplopi.
To avoid confusion, the brain often “ignores” the image from the deviating eye. In the long term, however, this adaptation can cause a permanent decrease in vision in that eye. An ophthalmologist can identify the cause of strabismus and recommend the appropriate treatment.
When should special attention be given?
Strabismus that appears suddenly in a child or adult requires immediate medical evaluation, as it may indicate a serious condition, such as:
-neurological disorders
-trauma
-inflammation or
-other diseases affecting the visual system
Early investigation is important for accurate diagnosis and proper management. When detected early, in most cases it can be treated effectively and fully corrected.

A febrile seizure is a seizure caused by a fever in healthy infants and young children. Any fever may cause a febrile se...
08/04/2026

A febrile seizure is a seizure caused by a fever in healthy infants and young children. Any fever may cause a febrile seizure. Symptoms of febrile seizures may include:
-Loss of consciousness or passing out
-Uncontrollable shaking, jerking, or stiffening in the arms or legs (may be the whole body or only part of the body)
-Eye rolling
-Loss of bodily control
Most febrile seizures are over within a couple minutes. Parents and caregivers should stay calm and carefully watch the child. During a febrile seizure, they should:
-Note the start time of the seizure
-Take steps to prevent injury during the seizure. No matter how scary they may look, simple febrile seizures are not dangerous, do not cause brain damage, do not affect child’s neurological development, do not significantly increase the risk of developing epilepsy.

Tics are sudden, rapid and repetitive movements or sounds. They are not done on purpose and children cannot easily contr...
25/03/2026

Tics are sudden, rapid and repetitive movements or sounds. They are not done on purpose and children cannot easily control them, especially when they are stress related. Tics are quite common in childhood and in many cases temporary. Sometimes, they may last longer or be part of chronic disorder such as Tourette Syndrome. Children may feel embarrassed or frustrated. This is why your support matters so much! A calm, understanding environment helps them feel safe and accepted. What helps most: - Patience & reassurance - talking openly without judgment- encourage confidence! If tics persist, worsen or begin to affect your child’s daily life seek guidance from a specialist. Tics don’t define your child! With support every child can thrive and reach their full potential!!

Delaying the introduction of solid foods increases the risk of allergies. The immune system of infants develops toleranc...
09/03/2026

Delaying the introduction of solid foods increases the risk of allergies. The immune system of infants develops tolerance to food proteins, meaning it learns to recognise them as harmless. However, if exposure happens much later, the body may mistakenly identify them as dangerous. Children who are at high risk particularly benefit from the early introduction of allergic foods. It is also important to remember that mild reactions, such as a skin rash, slight swelling of the lips, or mild abdominal discomfort, do not necessarily indicate a severe allergy. Monitoring the child calmly and seeking professional advice when needed helps ensure a safe and confident introduction to new foods.

Although today it is recommended that babies are vaccinated against more diseases than in the past, modern vaccines are ...
23/02/2026

Although today it is recommended that babies are vaccinated against more diseases than in the past, modern vaccines are much more precise and contain far fewer antigens than those in the past. Studies clearly show that vaccinations do not overwhelm the immune system. Vaccines are one of the greatest achievements of medicine and they have saved approximately 101 million children's lives worldwide over the last 50 years munisations

Η αλήθεια είναι ότι ο ανήσυχος ύπνος στα νεογέννητα είναι απολύτως φυσιολογικός. Μέχρι περίπου τους 3 πρώτους μήνες οι κ...
13/02/2026

Η αλήθεια είναι ότι ο ανήσυχος ύπνος στα νεογέννητα είναι απολύτως φυσιολογικός. Μέχρι περίπου τους 3 πρώτους μήνες οι κύκλοι ύπνου τους είναι σύντομοι, γύρω στα 40–50 λεπτά, και περνούν μεγάλο μέρος αυτού του χρόνου σε αυτό που ονομάζεται ενεργός (REM) ύπνος. Κατά τη φάση αυτή, ο εγκέφαλός τους δουλεύει εντατικά, επεξεργάζεται, αναπτύσσεται, ωριμάζει, γι’ αυτό μπορεί να παρατηρείς απότομες κινήσεις, μορφασμούς, φωνούλες ή γκρίνια. Αν τα μάτια τους είναι κλειστά και η αναπνοή τους σταθερή, πιθανότατα κοιμούνται ακόμα.
Εδώ χρειάζεται υπομονή. Αν αντιδρούμε σε κάθε μικρό θόρυβο, μπορεί να τα ξυπνήσουμε. Κάνε μια μικρή παύση, παρατήρησε και δώσε τους λίγο χρόνο να ξανακοιμηθούν. Αν το κλάμα γίνει έντονο και δεν ηρεμεί, πλησίασε ήρεμα και ανταποκρίσου στις ανάγκες του. Η ανταπόκριση δεν αναιρεί την αυτορρύθμιση. Αντιθέτως, η ασφάλεια που νιώθουν είναι η βάση πάνω στην οποία χτίζεται.
Με τον καιρό, θα μάθεις να ξεχωρίζεις τους «ήχους του ύπνου» από τους «ήχους ανάγκης». Καθώς μεγαλώνουν, οι κύκλοι ύπνου διαρκούν περισσότερο και ο ύπνος βελτιώνεται.

Η απόφαση για την επιστροφή ενός παιδιού στις σχολικές δραστηριότητες μετά από μια λοίμωξη δεν είναι πάντα εύκολη και συ...
07/02/2026

Η απόφαση για την επιστροφή ενός παιδιού στις σχολικές δραστηριότητες μετά από μια λοίμωξη δεν είναι πάντα εύκολη και συχνά συνοδεύεται από ανησυχία. Γι’ αυτό είναι σημαντικό να λαμβάνεται υπόψη όχι μόνο η απουσία συμπτωμάτων, αλλά και η συνολική κατάσταση του παιδιού.
Γενικά, ένα παιδί μπορεί να επιστρέψει όταν:
- είναι απύρετο για τουλάχιστον 24 ώρες χωρίς τη χρήση αντιπυρετικών,
- έχει αναρρώσει επαρκώς και μπορεί να ανταπεξέλθει στην καθημερινότητά του (έχει ενέργεια, τρώει και κοιμάται καλά),
- δεν έχει έντονο βήχα, δύσπνοια ή σημαντική καταβολή,
- έχουν περάσει τουλάχιστον 24 ώρες μετά την έναρξη της κατάλληλης αντιβιοτικής αγωγής σε βακτηριακές λοιμώξεις (π.χ. στρεπτόκοκκο),
- δεν παρουσιάζει εμετούς ή διάρροιες για 48 ώρες μετά από γαστρεντερίτιδα,
- δεν εμφανίζει εξανθήμα με ενεργές, υγρές ή εκκρινόμενες βλάβες.

Είναι χρήσιμο να γνωρίζουμε ότι ο κίνδυνος μετάδοσης είναι συνήθως μεγαλύτερος στην αρχή μιας λοίμωξης. Βήχας, ο οποίος μπορεί να επιμείνει έως και τρεις εβδομάδες ή ήπια υπολειπόμενα συμπτώματα, όπως το συνάχι, δεν αποτελούν από μόνα τους λόγο απομάκρυνσης από τις σχολικές δραστηριότητες, αρκεί να τηρούνται βασικοί κανόνες υγιεινής.
*Σε νοσήματα με ειδικές συστάσεις, όπως ανεμοβλογιά, ιλαρά ή άλλα ιδιαίτερα μεταδοτικά νοσήματα, καθώς και σε άτομα που ανήκουν σε ομάδες αυξημένου κινδύνου, εφαρμόζονται διαφορετικές οδηγίες.

Ένα παιδί δεν αρκεί να έχει ξεπεράσει την ασθένεια, χρειάζεται να έχει ξαναβρεί τις δυνάμεις και την αντοχή του. Λίγη επιπλέον ξεκούραση συχνά βοηθά ώστε η επιστροφή να είναι πιο ομαλή, ασφαλής και σταθερή.

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