31/07/2026
今次講疝氣(English Content below)
西醫所講嘅疝氣Hernia,專門係指腹壁或筋膜出現薄弱位置,令腹腔內的組織向外突出,以最常見的腹股溝疝為例,主要與腹壁結構薄弱,以及長期腹壓增加(如咳嗽、便秘、搬重物等)有關。
而中醫所講嘅「疝」,係泛指少腹、陰囊、睪丸等部位出現疼痛、墜脹、腫大、牽引不適😩等一類疾病。
根據《黃帝內經》記載:「寒氣客於厥陰之脈,則血泣脈急,引脅與少腹相引而痛。」
由於肝經循行經過少腹、陰器及睪丸,因此中醫認為疝氣大多與肝臟失調有關。
分型如下:
1.❄️寒疝(最常見)
寒邪侵襲肝經,令經脈收縮所致。
症狀:少腹抽痛、睪丸墜脹疼痛、
遇冷加劇得溫則舒、
痛感可放射至腹股溝。
治療:以溫經散寒、暖肝散結為大原則。
2.😡氣滯疝
情緒抑鬱、長期壓力令肝氣鬱結引起。
症狀:疼痛時輕時重、墜脹感明顯,
行走、站立後加劇
情緒波動時容易發作。
治療原則:
理氣散結,以通則不痛(少痛)的方向為大原則。
3.中氣下陷
症狀:近似現代所講嘅腹股溝疝
部分年長人士、或長期咳嗽、或因搬重物後形成嘅疝氣,中醫會認為同以下因素有關:脾虛 → 中氣下陷 → 筋膜失養 → 臟器則容易下垂。
治療方針:
以益氣健脾、補中益氣升陷⬆️為大方向
由此可見,中西醫對疝嘅理解係有一定程度嘅分別。
針對Hernia,輕微而沒有明顯症狀者可先觀察。但如果疝氣突然推唔返入去,疼痛劇烈、持續紅腫,伴隨噁心嘔吐,發燒等情況,應請立即就診求醫,評估是否出現嵌頓疝或絞窄疝等需要及時手術的風險!
此外,避免久站、搬重物與及早治療咳嗽情況對預防腹壓增加、疝氣加劇,都有一定程度上嘅幫助。
中醫方面可透過辨證施治予以中藥處方,針灸(以肝經為主)通經疏絡,幫助紓緩疼痛及局部不適作為輔助治療;至於腹壁缺損本身,仍需由西醫評估是否需要手術處理。
From a Western medical perspective, a hernia refers specifically to a weakness or defect in the abdominal wall or fascia, allowing internal tissues to protrude outward. The most common type, inguinal hernia, is often related to structural weakness and increased abdominal pressure caused by factors such as chronic coughing, constipation, or heavy lifting.
In TCM, (疝) is a broader concept describing pain, heaviness, swelling, or pulling discomfort in the lower abdomen, sc***um, and testicular region. TCM associates these symptoms mainly with Liver meridian imbalance, especially when cold, stagnation, or deficiency affects the circulation of Qi and blood.
Common patterns include:
• Cold-type hernia: pain worsened by cold and relieved by warmth; treated by warming the meridians and dispersing cold.
• Qi stagnation: distending pain related to stress or emotional tension; treated by regulating Qi.
• Spleen Qi deficiency with sinking: often seen in weakness-related prolapse; treated by strengthening Qi and supporting elevation.
While TCM may help relieve symptoms through herbal medicine or acupuncture, structural defects require Western medical assessment. Seek urgent care if a hernia becomes painful, irreducible, swollen, or accompanied by vomiting or fever.
#疝氣 #少腹抽痛
#腹壓 #中醫資訊