26/01/2021
治療細語 - 慢性痛症 / Therapy Talk - Chronic Pain
近日遇到一位慢性痛症病人,她十多年前因為跌倒而開始有腰痛問題,而腰痛問題也慢慢引致脊柱結構的改變。這十多年間她都一直有找人去醫治,而情況一直反反覆覆。最近因為結構狀況轉差,而找了整骨師父去治理,結果骨骼結構上是有一些改善,但卻因為激烈的手法而誘發了更大、更強烈的疼痛,而痛感並未因停止治療而減少。當我用髗骶骨治療 (CST) 的方式去聆聽她的身體時,只感到中樞神經系統(central nervous system)極度緊張,和她傾談後,也看出她情緒上及生活上也面對不同的挑戰及壓力;我能做的只是去幫助她身體先冷靜下來,而疼痛及結構問題跟本難以在短時間內處理。
基本上,很多人對於疼痛的了解還停留在身體層面的階段,覺得身體受傷或組織受損就會引發疼痛,受傷程度越嚴重,痛感就越大,而大家也相信只要受傷的組織復原了,疼痛也會自然消失。因此,很多人相信找到一個合適的治療師搞掂身體問題,或配合做一點運動就可以無痛了。
這種情況多數適用於一般意外受傷、拉傷扭傷的急性痛症(acute pain)病人。但對於經歷長年累月的慢性痛症(chronic pain)病人,故事很多時亦不是這麼簡單。當初的身體問題已經不是疼痛的唯一原因,而治療時大多不能單單”搞掂身體/ fix the body”就能解決痛症;過往經驗、情緒、生活壓力、個人性格、心理狀況等都直接影響個人疼痛感受。
作為一位物理治療師,處理痛症時多側重以身體結構(physical structure)去看待問題。我們相信腰痛是因為姿勢欠佳、肌力失衝、椎骨移位、神經線受壓、甚至內臟問題影響等;找出身體問題,改正了便自然康復。
但慢慢當你遇上更多病人,你會發現有些人的痛症亦不這麼簡單。而除了身體痛症,這些病人可能同時面對生活壓力大、心理情緒等問題。有人可能覺得久痛不治當然會引致情緒低落;但心理情緒問題其實也可誘發疼痛或使痛症惡化及難以痊癒。而近代痛症的科學研究也從純身體層面,慢慢步向心理、情緒及身體結合,將人作為一個身心靈的整體去看待;近代著名心理學家及疼痛研究先驅 Dr. Ronald Melzack 所提出的“神經基質理論 / Neuromatrix theory of pain”便是以身心全人的角度去面對痛症。
如果你有久醫不癒的痛症,除了找合適的醫生及治療師去診斷及治療身體問題外,其實也需要檢視一下自己人生其他層面,如心理情緒、生活壓力等面向,是否需要有所調整。身、心、靈其實是互相影響的,身體的疼痛只是一個信號,提醒你停一停想一想,自己有那方面出了狀況,需要面對及處理。
#有時身體問題真的不是只是身體問題
#身心靈是一個整體的
#有時需要治療的可能只是你的心
Recently, I encountered a patient with chronic pain problem. She started to suffer from low back pain ten years ago after a fall incident. The back pain gradually caused changes in her spinal alignment. She has consulted different therapists throughout all these years; sometimes she felt the pain improved, sometimes it got worse, and this pain had became a chronic issue. Due to the deterioration of the structural problem, she consulted a Chinese bone-setter lately and tried to get her problem fixed. Although there was some improvement in the structural problem, the vigorous manipulation induced greater and more intense pain on her body and the pain was not reduced even after stopping further treatments for a month. When I listened to her body using Craniosacral Therapy (CST), I only felt extreme restlessness in her central nervous system (CNS). In our conversation during sessions, I noticed that she had emotional issues and facing challenges in her daily life. In her treatment sessions, all I can do were to help her calm down first, and the pain and structural problems were difficult to solve in a short time.
Basically, many people's understanding of pain is still at the physical level. They feel that physical injury or tissue damage will cause pain. The more severe the injury, the greater the pain. Everyone believes that as long as the injured tissue recovers, the body pain will disappear naturally. Therefore, many people solely believe finding a good physiotherapist, doing some treatments and exercises can be painless.
This situation is applicable to most patients, especially those with acute injuries and pain. But for chronic pain patients who have experienced many years of pain, the story is often not so simple. The physical problem at the time is not the only cause of pain, and most of the pain cannot be solved by "fix the body" alone during treatment. Past experience and trauma, unresolved emotions, daily life pressure, personality, psychological status, etc. all directly affect the individual perception of pain.
As a physiotherapist, we mostly focus on the physical issues when dealing with body pain. For example, we believe that low back pain is caused by poor posture, loss of muscle strength, vertebral degeneration, compression of nerves, and even internal organ problems, etc. If physical dysfunction are treated accordingly, the body will recover and pain-free again.
But slowly as you meet more pain cases, you will find that some people's pain is not so simple. In addition to body pain issues, these patients may also face stress and challenges in life, having certain degrees of psychological and emotional problems. Some people may think that chronic pain will certainly lead to depression; but psychological and emotional problems can actually induce body pain or make the pain worse and difficult to heal. The modern scientific research on pain has gradually moved from the purely physical level, to a more holistic way, treating people as a whole - a combination of body, mind and emotions. Dr. Ronald Melzack, a famous psychologist and pioneer on pain research, was a great supporter in this view and his “Neuromatrix Theory of pain”(1990)”has proposed that pain perception was not solely related to degrees of tissue trauma, but included psychological factors that influence how we feel pain, such as emotion and cognition.
If you have chronic pain issues, in addition to finding a good doctor or therapist to diagnose and treat physical problems, it is good that you also examine other aspects of your life, such as daily life challenges, psychological and emotional well-beings, etc. Body, mind, and emotions actually affect each other. Body pain is just a signal to remind you to stop and examine anything has gone wrong in your life. Truthful self reflection and examination may help you find a new way to see and solve your chronic problem.
#疼痛 #慢性痛症 #情緒 #痛症處理 #物理治療 #髗胝骨治療
Credits: Photo by Julia Kuzenkov from Pexels