08/09/2026
Stable does not mean ineffective.
A plateau can feel unsettling—especially when appetite or food noise becomes more noticeable than during the response phase, although usually remaining better regulated than before treatment. This does not necessarily mean that treatment has stopped working. Maintenance is still active treatment.
What does the evidence show?
• In STEP 5, the average response to semaglutide 2.4 mg plateaued around week 60 and was maintained to week 104 with continued treatment.
• In SURMOUNT-MAINTAIN, participants were approximately 22% below baseline after 60 weeks on tirzepatide 10 or 15 mg. At week 112, those continuing that dose remained 21.9% below baseline, compared with 16.6% after reducing to 5 mg and 9.9% after switching to placebo. Because placebo was followed for only 52 weeks, 9.9% may not have been the final position.
• An Oxford-led BMJ review of 37 studies estimated regain after stopping at 0.4 kg per month and return to baseline at 1.7 years; for semaglutide and tirzepatide, the estimates were 0.8 kg per month and 1.5 years. These are modelled averages, not individual predictions.
• ATTAIN-MAINTAIN examined continued treatment by switching to once-daily oral orforglipron. After 72 weeks on tirzepatide, participants were 21.5% below baseline and remained 16.8% below baseline after 52 weeks on orforglipron. After 72 weeks on semaglutide, the corresponding figures were 16.5% and 15.1%.
Maintenance does not automatically mean a lower dose, and reducing, changing or stopping treatment may mean preserving less of the response.
Response moves towards the level supported by the particular medication and dose taken long term—not necessarily the level reached during the initial response phase on a different treatment.
Treatment should be individualised around health, response, side effects, affordability and sustainability.
References:
- Garvey WT et al. STEP 5. Nature Medicine, 2022.
- Horn DB et al. SURMOUNT-MAINTAIN. The Lancet, 2026.
- Aronne LJ et al. ATTAIN-MAINTAIN. Nature Medicine, 2026.
- West S et al. BMJ, 2026;392:e085304.