11/07/2026
Abfraction is a type of non-carious cervical lesion (Class V) caused by flexural forces. Grinding or a misaligned bite causes tooth flexing near the gumline, leading to microfractures in enamel.
Etiology:
1. Occlusal stress - bruxism, clenching
2. Misaligned bite / premature contacts
3. Parafunctional habits
Clinical Features:
• Wedge-shaped, sharp internal line angles at cervical third
• Located on facial surface, at or below CEJ
• Hard, smooth, often with gingival recession
• Single or multiple teeth, sensitivity to cold/air
Management:
1. Correct cause: Occlusal adjustment, night guard / bite splint, stop clenching habit
2. Restore: Composite / GIC filling if deep or sensitive
3. Prevent: Proper brushing technique, fluoride, regular follow-up
Left untreated, lesions deepen, cause sensitivity, and can weaken the tooth.