27/04/2025
Semimembranosus
Origin: The upper lateral facet on the ischial tuberosity
Insertion: A horizontal groove on the posteromedial surface of the medial tibial condyle
Nerve: Tibial division of the sciatic nerve (L5, S1 and 2)
Artery: Branches from the internal iliac, popliteal, and profunda femoris arteries
Function:
-Hip extension
-Knee flexion
-Internal rotation of lower leg when the knee is flexed
Semitendinosus
Origin: The lower medial facet of the lateral section of the ischial tuberosity
Insertion: A vertical line on the medial surface of the medial condyle of the tibia just behind the insertion of sartorius and behind and below the attachment of gracilis
Nerve: Tibial division of the sciatic nerve (L5, S1 and 2)
Artery: Branches from the internal iliac, popliteal, and profunda femoris arteries
Function:
-Hip extension
-Knee flexion
-Internal rotation of lower leg when the knee is flexed
Biceps femoris - Long head
Origin: The lower medial facet on the ischial tuberosity with the tendon of semitendinosus, spreading onto the sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion: The head of the fibular, the lateral tibial condyle and the posterior aspect of the lateral intermuscular septum
Nerve: Tibial division of the sciatic nerve (L5, S1 and 2)
Artery: Perforating branches of profunda femoris, inferior gluteal, and medial circumflex femoral arteries
Function:
-Knee flexion
-Hip extension
-External rotation of lower leg when knee slightly flexed
-Assist in external rotation of the thigh when hip extended
pPhysiopedia
Contents
Editors
Hamstrings
ONLINE COURSE
Muscle Length Assessment and Treatment Related to Patellofemoral Pain
Presented by:
Claire Robertson
Description
Hamstring tendons.png
The hamstrings are a group of three muscles which predominantly act to flex the knee. Hamstrings consist of 3 muscles;
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris
The muscles cross two joints and have long proximal and distal tendons with resultant long muscle tendon junctions (MTJ). MTJs extend into the muscle bellies, overlap within the muscle belly, facilitate transmission and dissipate forces across the MTJ while muscle contraction and relaxation.[1]
Anatomy[2][3]
Semimembranosus.png
Semimembranosus
Origin: The upper lateral facet on the ischial tuberosity
Insertion: A horizontal groove on the posteromedial surface of the medial tibial condyle
Nerve: Tibial division of the sciatic nerve (L5, S1 and 2)
Artery: Branches from the internal iliac, popliteal, and profunda femoris arteries
Function:
-Hip extension
-Knee flexion
-Internal rotation of lower leg when the knee is flexed
Semitendinosus muscle.PNG
Semitendinosus
Origin: The lower medial facet of the lateral section of the ischial tuberosity
Insertion: A vertical line on the medial surface of the medial condyle of the tibia just behind the insertion of sartorius and behind and below the attachment of gracilis
Nerve: Tibial division of the sciatic nerve (L5, S1 and 2)
Artery: Branches from the internal iliac, popliteal, and profunda femoris arteries
Function:
-Hip extension
-Knee flexion
-Internal rotation of lower leg when the knee is flexed
Biceps femoris long head.png
Biceps femoris - Long head
Origin: The lower medial facet on the ischial tuberosity with the tendon of semitendinosus, spreading onto the sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion: The head of the fibular, the lateral tibial condyle and the posterior aspect of the lateral intermuscular septum
Nerve: Tibial division of the sciatic nerve (L5, S1 and 2)
Artery: Perforating branches of profunda femoris, inferior gluteal, and medial circumflex femoral arteries
Function:
-Knee flexion
-Hip extension
-External rotation of lower leg when knee slightly flexed
-Assist in external rotation of the thigh when hip extended
Biceps femoris short head.png
Biceps femoris – Short head
Origin: The lower half of the lateral lip of the linea aspera
Insertion: The head of the fibular, the lateral tibial condyle and the posterior aspect of the lateral intermuscular septum
Nerve: The common peroneal division of the sciatic nerve (L5, S1 and 2)
Artery: Perforating branches of profunda femoris, inferior gluteal, and medial circumflex femoral arteries
Function:
-Knee flexion
-External rotation of lower leg when knee slightly flexed
