27/02/2026
✅ Gout is a common form of inflammatory arthritis that is very painful. There are times when symptoms get worse, known as flares. Repeated bouts of gout can lead to gouty arthritis, a worsening form of arthritis.
➡️ What causes Gout?
✅ Gout is caused by hyperuricemia, a condition where there is too much uric acid in the body. The body makes uric acid through break down of purines, which are found in your body and the foods you eat.
✅ Overproduction or underexcretion of uric acid through kidney results in hyperuricemia. As a result of too much uric acid in the body, uric acid crystals can build up in joints, fluids, and tissues within the body.
➡️ What are symptoms and signs of Gout?
✅ Gout usually occurs in only one joint at a time. It is often found in the big toe. Along with the big toe, joints that are commonly affected are the lesser toe joints, the ankle, and the knee.
✅ Painful(very severe) swelling of the joint is seen, associated with redness and local rise of temperature.
➡️ What are risk factors for Gout or Hyperuricemia?
✅ Overweight or Obese individuals. Common in Males.
✅ Having a diet high in purines. Purine-rich foods include red meat, shell fish, mince meat, meat extracts, organ meats and some seafood, such as anchovies, sardines, tuna and foods and drinks high in fructose/sugars.Yeast, whole pulses, peas, beans are moderately high in purines.
✅ Having certain health conditions like High blood pressure, Insulin resistance/Diabetes, Metabolic syndrome, Poor kidney function, Heart failure
✅ Using certain medications, such as diuretics
✅Drinking alcohol. The risk of gout is greater as alcohol intake goes up.
➡️ What are the complications of Hyperuricemia?
✅ Gouty arthritis/ Tophi (urate crystal deposition seens as hard bumps)
✅ Hypertension and cardiovascular disease.
✅ Kidney stones and Kidney damage.
➡️ How is Gout and Hyperuricemia treated?
✅ Treatment includes medication to reduce the inflammation, pain and swelling, uric acid lowering agents and medications to prevent gout flares
✅ Lifestyle changes which include weight reduction, alcohol abstinence, consumption of low purine foods.