DR JOHN Adonai

08/12/2025

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URINARY INCONTINENCE.
DEFINITION:
Urinary incontinence — the loss of bladder control — is a common and often embarrassing problem. The severity ranges from occasionally leaking urine when you cough or sneeze to having an urge to urinate that's so sudden and strong you don't get to a toilet in time.

If Urinary incontinence affects your daily activities, don't hesitate to see your doctor. For most people, simple lifestyle changes or medical treatment can ease discomfort or stop Urinary incontinence.

SYMPTOMS
Some people experience occasional, minor leaks of urine. Others wet their clothes frequently.

Types of Urinary incontinence include:

Stress incontinence. Urine leaks when you exert pressure on your bladder by coughing, sneezing, laughing, exercising or lifting something heavy.
Urge incontinence. You have a sudden, intense urge to urinate followed by an involuntary loss of urine. You may need to urinate often, including throughout the night. Urge incontinence may be caused by a minor condition, such as infection, or a more severe condition such as neurologic disorder or Diabetes.
Overflow incontinence. You experience frequent or constant dribbling of urine due to a bladder that doesn't empty completely.
Functional incontinence. A physical or mental impairment keeps you from making it to the toilet in time. For example, if you have severe Arthritis, you may not be able to unbutton your pants quickly enough.
Mixed incontinence. You experience more than one type of Urinary incontinence.
When to see a doctor
You may feel uncomfortable discussing incontinence with your doctor. But if incontinence is frequent or is affecting your quality of life, it's important to seek medical advice because Urinary incontinence may:

Indicate a more serious underlying condition
Cause you to restrict your activities and limit your social interactions
Increase the risk of falls in older adults as they rush to the toilet
CAUSES
Urinary incontinence isn't a disease, it's a symptom. It can be caused by everyday habits, underlying medical conditions or physical problems. A thorough evaluation by your doctor can help determine what's behind your incontinence.

Temporary Urinary incontinence
Certain drinks, foods and medications can act as diuretics — stimulating your bladder and increasing your volume of urine. They include:

Alcohol
Caffeine
Decaffeinated tea and coffee
Carbonated drinks
Artificial sweeteners
Corn syrup
Foods that are high in spice, sugar or acid, especially citrus fruits
Heart and blood pressure medications, sedatives, and muscle relaxants
Large doses of vitamins B or C
Urinary incontinence also may be caused by an easily treatable medical condition, such as:

Urinary tract infection. Infections can irritate your bladder, causing you to have strong urges to urinate, and sometimes incontinence. Other signs and symptoms of Urinary tract infection include a burning sensation when you urinate and foul-smelling urine.
Constipation. The re**um is located near the bladder and shares many of the same nerves. Hard, compacted stool in your re**um causes these nerves to be overactive and increase urinary frequency.
Persistent Urinary incontinence
Urinary incontinence can also be a persistent condition caused by underlying physical problems or changes, including:

Pregnancy. Hormonal changes and the increased weight of the uterus can lead to Stress incontinence.
Childbirth. Vaginal delivery can weaken muscles needed for bladder control and also damage bladder nerves and supportive tissue, leading to a dropped (pr*****ed) pelvic floor. With prolapse, the bladder, uterus, re**um or small intestine can get pushed down from the usual position and protrude into the va**na. Such protrusions can be associated with incontinence.
Changes with age. Aging of the bladder muscle can decrease the bladder's capacity to store urine.
Menopause. After Menopause women produce less estrogen, a hormone that helps keep the lining of the bladder and urethra healthy. Deterioration of these tissues can aggravate incontinence.
Hysterectomy. In women, the bladder and uterus are supported by many of the same muscles and ligaments. Any surgery that involves a woman's reproductive system, including removal of the uterus, may damage the supporting pelvic floor muscles, which can lead to incontinence.
Enlarged prostate. Especially in older men, incontinence often stems from enlargement of the prostate gland, a condition known as benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Prostate cancer. In men, Stress incontinence or urge incontinence can be associated with untreated Prostate cancer. But more often, incontinence is a side effect of treatments for Prostate cancer.
Obstruction. A Tumor anywhere along your urinary tract can block the normal flow of urine, leading to overflow incontinence. Urinary stones — hard, stone-like masses that form in the bladder — sometimes cause urine leakage.
Neurological disorders. Multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Stroke, a brain Tumor or a spinal injury can interfere with nerve signals involved in bladder control, causing Urinary incontinence.
RISK FACTORS
Factors that increase your risk of developing Urinary incontinence include:

Gender. Women are more likely to have Stress incontinence. Pregnancy, childbirth, Menopause and normal female anatomy account for this difference. However, men with prostate gland problems are at increased risk of urge and overflow incontinence.
Age. As you get older, the muscles in your bladder and urethra lose some of their strength. Changes with age reduce how much your bladder can hold and increase the chances of involuntary urine release.
Being overweight. Extra weight increases pressure on your bladder and surrounding muscles, which weakens them and allows urine to leak out when you cough or sneeze.
Other diseases. Neurological disease or Diabetes may increase your risk of incontinence.
COMPLICATIONS
Complications of chronic Urinary incontinence include:

Skin problems. Rashes, skin infections and sores can develop from constantly wet skin.
Urinary tract infections. Incontinence increases your risk of repeated Urinary tract infections.
Impacts on your personal life. Urinary incontinence can affect your social, work and personal relationships.
PREPARING FOR YOUR APPOINTMENT
If you have Urinary incontinence, you're likely to start by seeing your family doctor or a general practitioner. You may be referred to a doctor who specializes in urinary tract disorders (urologist), or if you're a woman, a gynecologist with special training in female bladder problems and urinary function (urogynecologist).

What you can do
To get ready for your appointment, it helps to:

Be aware of any pre-appointment restrictions, such as restricting your diet.
Write down your symptoms, including how often you urinate, nighttime bladder activity and episodes of incontinence.
Make a list of all your medications, vitamins and supplements, including doses and how often you take the medication.
Write down key medical information, including other conditions you may have.
Ask a relative or friend to accompany you, to help you remember what the doctor says.
Take a notebook or electronic device with you, and use it to note important information during your visit.
Write down questions to ask your doctor.
For Urinary incontinence, some basic questions to ask your doctor include:

What's the most likely cause of my symptoms?
What kinds of tests do I need? Do these tests require any special preparation?
Is my Urinary incontinence temporary?
What treatments are available?
Should I anticipate any side effects of the treatment?
Is there a generic alternative to the medicine you're prescribing for me?
I have other health conditions. How can I best manage these conditions together?
Don't hesitate to ask other questions during your appointment as they occur to you.

What to expect from your doctor
Your doctor is likely to ask you a number of questions, such as:

When did you first begin experiencing symptoms, and how severe are they?
Have your symptoms been continuous or occasional?
What, if anything, seems to improve or worsen your symptoms?
How often do you need to urinate?
When do you leak urine?
Do you have trouble emptying your bladder?
Have you noticed blood in your urine?
Do you smoke?
How often do you drink alcohol and caffeinated beverages?
How often do you eat spicy, sugary or acidic foods?
TESTS AND DIAGNOSIS
It's important to determine the type of Urinary incontinence that you have. That information will guide treatment decisions.

Your doctor is likely to start with a thorough history and physical exam. You may then be asked to do a simple maneuver that can demonstrate incontinence: close your mouth, pinch your nose shut and exhale hard.

After that, your doctor will likely recommend:

Urinalysis. A sample of your urine is checked for signs of infection, traces of blood or other abnormalities.
Bladder diary. For several days you record how much you drink, when you urinate, the amount of urine you produce, whether you had an urge to urinate and the number of incontinence episodes.
Post-void residual measurement. You're asked to urinate (void) into a container that measures urine output. Then your doctor checks the amount of leftover urine in your bladder using a catheter or ultrasound test. A large amount of leftover urine in your bladder may mean that you have an obstruction in your urinary tract or a problem with your bladder nerves or muscles.
Special testing
If further information is needed, your doctor may recommend:

Urodynamic testing. A doctor or nurse inserts a catheter into your urethra and bladder to fill your bladder with water. Meanwhile, a pressure monitor measures and records the pressure within your bladder. This test helps measure your bladder strength and urinary sphincter health, and it's an important tool for distinguishing the type of incontinence you have.
Cystoscopy. Your doctor inserts a thin tube with a tiny lens into your urethra. Your doctor can check for, and possibly remove, abnormalities in your urinary tract.
Cystogram. Your doctor inserts a catheter into your urethra and bladder and injects a special dye. As you urinate and expel this Fluid, X-ray images of your bladder help reveal problems with your urinary tract.
Pelvic ultrasound. Your urinary tract or ge****ls are checked for abnormalities.
TREATMENTS AND DRUGS
Treatment for Urinary incontinence depends on the type of incontinence, its severity and the underlying cause. A combination of treatments may be needed. Your doctor is likely to suggest the least invasive treatments first and move on to other options only if these techniques fail.

Behavioral techniques
Your doctor may recommend:

Bladder training, to delay urination after you get the urge to go. You may start by trying to hold off for 10 minutes every time you feel an urge to urinate. The goal is to lengthen the time between trips to the toilet until you're urinating only every two to four hours.
Double voiding, to help you learn to empty your bladder more completely to avoid overflow incontinence. Double voiding means urinating, then waiting a few minutes and trying again.
Scheduled toilet trips, to urinate every two to four hours rather than waiting for the need to go.
Fluid and diet management, to regain control of your bladder. You may need to cut back on or avoid alcohol, caffeine or acidic foods. Reducing liquid consumption, losing weight or increasing physical activity also can ease the problem.
Pelvic floor muscle exercises
Your doctor may recommend that you do these exercises frequently to strengthen the muscles that help control urination. Also known as Kegel exercises, these techniques are especially effective for Stress incontinence but may also help urge incontinence.

To do pelvic floor muscle exercises, imagine that you're trying to stop your urine flow. Then:

Tighten (contract) the muscles you would use to stop urinating and hold for five seconds, and then relax for five seconds. (If this is too difficult, start by holding for two seconds and relaxing for three seconds.)
Work up to holding the contractions for 10 seconds at a time.
Aim for at least three sets of 10 repetitions each day.
To help you identify and contract the right muscles, your doctor may suggest you work with a physical therapist or try biofeedback techniques.

Electrical stimulation
Electrodes are temporarily inserted into your re**um or va**na to stimulate and strengthen pelvic floor muscles. Gentle electrical stimulation can be effective for Stress incontinence and urge incontinence, but you may need multiple treatments over several months.

Medications
Medications commonly used to treat incontinence include:

Anticholinergics. These medications can calm an Overactive bladder and may be helpful for urge incontinence. Examples include oxybutynin (Ditropan XL), tolterodine (Detrol), darifenacin (Enablex), fesoterodine (Toviaz), solifenacin (Vesicare) and trospium (Sanctura).
Mirabegron (Myrbetriq). Used to treat urge incontinence, this medication relaxes the bladder muscle and can increase the amount of urine your bladder can hold. It may also increase the amount you are able to urinate at one time, helping to empty your bladder more completely.
Alpha blockers. In men with urge or overflow incontinence, these medications relax bladder neck muscles and muscle fibers in the prostate and make it easier to empty the bladder. Examples include tamsulosin (Flomax), alfuzosin (Uroxatral), silodosin (Rapaflo), terazosin (Hytrin) and doxazosin (Cardura).
Topical estrogen. Applying low-dose, topical estrogen in the form of a va**nal cream, ring or patch may help tone and rejuvenate tissues in the urethra and va**nal areas. This may reduce some of the symptoms of incontinence.
Medical devices
Devices designed to treat women with incontinence include:

Urethral insert, a small, tampon-like disposable device inserted into the urethra before a specific activity, such as tennis, that can trigger incontinence. The insert acts as a plug to prevent leakage, and is removed before urination.
Pessary, a stiff ring that you insert into your va**na and wear all day. The device helps hold up your bladder, which lies near the va**na, to prevent urine leakage. You may benefit from a pessary if you have incontinence due to a pr*****ed bladder or uterus.
Interventional therapies
Interventional therapies that may help with incontinence include:

Bulking material injections. A synthetic material is injected into tissue surrounding the urethra. The bulking material helps keep the urethra closed and reduce urine leakage. This procedure is generally much less effective than more-invasive treatments such as surgery for Stress incontinence and usually needs to be repeated regularly.
Botulinum toxin type A (Botox). Injections of Botox into the bladder muscle may benefit people who have an Overactive bladder. Botox is generally prescribed to people only if other first line medications haven't been successful.
Nerve stimulators. A device resembling a pacemaker is implanted under your skin to deliver painless electrical pulses to the nerves involved in bladder control (sacral nerves). Stimulating the sacral nerves can control urge incontinence if other therapies haven't worked. The device may be implanted under the skin in your buttock and connected directly to the sacral nerves or may deliver pulses to the sacral nerve via a nerve in the ankle.
Surgery
If other treatments aren't working, several surgical procedures can treat the problems that cause Urinary incontinence:

Sling procedures. Strips of your body's tissue, synthetic material or mesh are used to create a pelvic sling around your urethra and the area of thickened muscle where the bladder connects to the urethra (bladder neck). The sling helps keep the urethra closed, especially when you cough or sneeze. This procedure is used to treat Stress incontinence.
Bladder neck suspension. This procedure is designed to provide support to your urethra and bladder neck — an area of thickened muscle where the bladder connects to the urethra. It involves an abdominal incision, so it's done during general or spinal anesthesia.
Prolapse surgery. In women with mixed incontinence and Pelvic organ prolapse, surgery may include a combination of a sling procedure and prolapse surgery.
Artificial urinary sphincter. In men, a small, Fluid-filled ring is implanted around the bladder neck to keep the urinary sphincter shut until you're ready to urinate. To urinate, you press a valve implanted under your skin that causes the ring to deflate and allows urine from your bladder to flow. Artificial urinary sphincters are particularly helpful for men whose incontinence is associated with treatment of Prostate cancer or an enlarged prostate gland.
Absorbent pads and catheters
If medical treatments can't completely eliminate your incontinence, you can try products that help ease the discomfort and inconvenience of leaking urine:

Pads and protective garments. Most products are no more bulky than normal underwear and can be easily worn under everyday clothing. Men who have problems with dribbles of urine can use a drip collector — a small pocket of absorbent padding that's worn over the p***s and held in place by close-fitting underwear.
Catheter. If you're incontinent because your bladder doesn't empty properly, your doctor may recommend that you learn to insert a soft tube (catheter) into your urethra several times a day to drain your bladder. You'll be instructed on how to clean these catheters for safe reuse.
LIFESTYLE AND HOME REMEDIES
Urinary incontinence isn't always preventable. However, to help decrease your risk:

Maintain a healthy weight
Practice pelvic floor exercises, especially during pregnancy
Avoid bladder irritants, such as caffeine and acidic foods
Eat more fiber, which can prevent Constipation, a cause of Urinary incontinence
ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
There are no alternative medicine therapies that have been proved to cure Urinary incontinence. Initial pilot studies have shown that acupuncture can provide some short-term benefit, but more research is needed.

COPING AND SUPPORT
If you're embarrassed about a bladder control problem, you may try to cope on your own by wearing absorbent pads, carrying extra clothes or even avoiding going out.

But effective treatments are available for Urinary incontinence. It's important to ask your doctor about treatment. You'll be on your way to regaining an active and confident life.

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13/04/2025

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28/08/2024

For Aneurysm
Call: 0794 575751
– Causes, Complications and Treatment.
Definition
An aneurysm occurs when an artery’s wall weakens and causes an abnormally large bulge. This bulge can rupture and cause internal bleeding. About 13,000 deaths occur each year in the United States from aortic aneurysms. Although an aneurysm can occur in any part of your body, they’re most common in the:

Brain
Aorta
Legs
Spleen

Brief history about Aneurysm
Earliest records of abdominal aorta aneurysm in history come from Ancient Rome in the 2nd century AD. Greek surgeon Antyllus tried to treat the aneurysm with proximal and distal ligature, central incision and removal of thrombotic material from the aneurysm. The surgical management of aneurysms however dates back to 3000 years.

Surgical history of Aneurysm
Surgery was unsuccessful until 1923. In that year, Rudolph Matas performed the first successful aortic ligation on a human. Other non-conventional methods that were tried included wrapping the aorta with polyethene cellophane, which induced fibrosis and restricted the growth of the aneurysm. Over the course of surgical history arose three landmark developments in aortic surgery. These were:

Ligation or tying up of the aorta
Open repair of the bulging artery
Endovascular repair of the artery
Epidemiology about aneurysm
The prevalence of AAA varies with a number of factors, including advancing age, family history, gender and to***co use. The prevalence of AAAs larger than 2.9 cm in diameter ranges from 1.9% to 18.5% in men and 0% to 4.2% in women, the ranges being explained by the different age groups used and the differences in case-mix.

The prevalence of AAAs in women is currently considered too low for their inclusion in ultrasonographic screening programmes and stratified analyses in the various RCTs. Wanhainen recently demonstrated that prevalence in women is underestimated by using the standard definition for AAA of a 30 mm diameter. The prevalence for 65–75-year-old was 16.9% for men and 3.5% for women, whereas when using another definition, ≥1.5 × normal infrarenal aortic diameter (predicted from a nomogram), the prevalence was 12.9% for men and 9.8% for women.

Types of Aneurysms
Abdominal aortic aneurysm
An aortic aneurysm is a weakened or bulging area on the wall of the aorta. An abdominal aortic aneurysm occurs when the large blood vessel (the aorta) that supplies blood to the abdomen, pelvis and legs becomes abnormally large or balloons outward. This type of aneurysm is most often found in men over age 60 who have at least one or more risk factor, including emphysema, family history, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity and smoking. The rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm is a medical emergency, and only about 20 percent of patients survive.



An aortic aneurysm is a weakened or bulging area on the wall of the aorta
Symptoms of abdominal aortic aneurysm includes:

Chest pain and Jaw pain, are generally associated with a heart attack, but the sudden stabbing, radiating pain, fainting, difficulty breathing, and sometimes even sudden weakness on one side are also symptoms of an aortic event.
Cerebral Aneurysm or Brain Aneurysm
Cerebral aneurysms, which affect about 5 percent of the population, occur when the wall of a blood vessel in the brain becomes weakened and bulges or balloons out. There are many types of aneurysms. The most common, a “berry aneurysm,” is more common in adults. It can range in size from a few millimeters to more than a centimeter. A family history of multiple berry aneurysms may increase your risk.



Conditions that injure or weaken the walls of the blood vessel, including atherosclerosis, trauma or infection, may also cause cerebral aneurysms. Other risk factors include medical conditions such as polycystic kidney disease, narrowing of the aorta and endocarditis. Like other types of aneurysm, cerebral aneurysms may not have any symptoms. Symptoms may include:

Severe headache
Double vision
Loss of vision
Headaches
Eye pain
Neck pain
Stiff neck
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
A thoracic aortic aneurysm is an abnormal bulging or ballooning of the portion of the aorta that passes through the chest.



The most common cause is atherosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries. Other risk factors include:

Aging
Genetic conditions, such as Marfan syndrome
Inflammation of the aorta
Injury from falls or other trauma
Syphilis
A patient with an aneurysm may not experience any symptoms until the aneurysm begins to “leak” blood into nearby tissue or expand. Symptoms of a thoracic aortic aneurysm may include:

Hoarseness
Swallowing problems
High-pitched breathing
Swelling in the neck
Chest or upper back pain
Clammy skin
Nausea and vomiting
Rapid heart rate
Sense of impending doom
Causes
A person may inherit the tendency to form aneurysms, or aneurysms may develop because of hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis) and aging. The following risk factors may increase your risk for an aneurysm or, if you already have an aneurysm, may increase your risk of it rupturing:

Family history. People who have a family history of aneurysms are more likely to have an aneurysm than those who don’t.
Hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis).Atherosclerosis occurs when fat and other substances build up on the lining of a blood vessel. This condition may increase your risk of an aneurysm.
High blood pressure. The risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage is greater in people who have a history of high blood pressure.
Blood vessel diseases in the aorta. Abdominal aortic aneurysms can be caused by diseases that cause blood vessels to become inflamed.
Trauma, such as being in a car accident, can cause abdominal aortic aneurysms.
Infection in the aorta. Infections, such as a bacterial or fungal infection, may rarely cause abdominal aortic aneurysms.
In addition to being a cause of high blood pressure, the use of ci******es may greatly increase the chances of a brain aneurysm rupturing.
Complications in Aneurysm
Thromboembolism – depending on where the clot has traveled to, thromboembolism can cause pain in the extremities or the abdomen. If a clot travels to the brain, it can cause a stroke
Dissection of the aorta – People who have an aortic dissection often describe a tearing or ripping pain in the chest that is abrupt and excruciating, and the pain can travel as the dissection progresses along the aorta. The pain can radiate toward the back.
Severe chest and/or back pain – If a silent or diagnosed aortic aneurysm in the chest ruptures, severe chest or back pain may arise. Such symptoms may help hospital medical staff diagnose an aneurysm.
Angina – Certain types of aneurysm can lead to angina, another type of chest pain; the pain is related to narrowed arteries supplying the heart itself (causing myocardial ischemia and possibly heart attack).
Sudden extreme headache – If a brain aneurysm leads to subarachnoid hemorrhage (a kind of stroke), the main symptom is sudden extreme headache; often so severe that it is unlike any previous experience of head pain.
Diagnosis and test for aneurysm
Computed tomography (CT) scan. A CT scan can help identify bleeding in the brain. Sometimes a lumbar puncture may be used if your doctor suspects that you have a ruptured cerebral aneurysm with a subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Computed tomography angiogram (CTA) scan. CTA is a more precise method of evaluating blood vessels than a standard CT scan. CTA uses a combination of CT scanning, special computer techniques, and contrast material (dye) injected into the blood to produce images of blood vessels.
Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). Similar to a CTA, MRA uses a magnetic field and pulses of radio wave energy to provide pictures of blood vessels inside the body. As with CTA and cerebral angiography, a dye is often used during MRA to make blood vessels show up more clearly.
Cerebral angiogram. During this X-ray test, a catheter is inserted through a blood vessel in the groin or arm and moved up through the vessel into the brain. A dye is then injected into the cerebral artery. As with the above tests, the dye allows any problems in the artery, including aneurysms, to be seen on the X-ray. Although this test is more invasive and carries more risk than the above tests, it is the best way to locate small (less than 5 mm) brain aneurysms.
Abdominal ultrasound. This test is most commonly used to diagnose abdominal aortic aneurysms. During this painless exam, you lie on your back on an examination table and a small amount of warm gel is applied to your abdomen. The gel helps eliminate the formation of air pockets between your body and the instrument the technician uses to see your aorta, called a transducer. The technician presses the transducer against your skin over your abdomen, moving from one area to another. The transducer sends images to a computer screen that the technician monitors to check for a potential aneurysm.
Treatment and medications
Aortic aneurysms are treated with medicines and surgery. Small aneurysms that are found early and aren’t causing symptoms may not need treatment. Other aneurysms need to be treated. The goals of treatment may include:

Preventing the aneurysm from growing
Preventing or reversing damage to other body structures
Preventing or treating a rupture or dissection
Allowing you to continue doing your normal daily activities
Treatment for an aortic aneurysm is based on its size. Your doctor may recommend routine testing to make sure an aneurysm isn’t getting bigger. This method usually is used for aneurysms that are smaller than 5 centimeters (about 2 inches) across.

Medicines
If you have an aortic aneurysm, your doctor may prescribe medicines before surgery or instead of surgery. Medicines are used to lower blood pressure, relax blood vessels, and lower the risk that the aneurysm will rupture (burst). Beta blockers and calcium channel blockers are the medicines most commonly used.

Surgery
Open Abdominal or Open Chest Repair: The standard and most common type of surgery for aortic aneurysms is open abdominal or open chest repair. This surgery involves a major incision (cut) in the abdomen or chest.
Endovascular Repair: In endovascular repair, the aneurysm isn’t removed. Instead, a graft is inserted into the aorta to strengthen it. Surgeons do this type of surgery using catheters (tubes) inserted into the arteries; it doesn’t require surgically opening the chest or abdomen. General anesthesia is used during this procedure.
The surgeon first inserts a catheter into an artery in the groin (upper thigh) and threads it to the aneurysm. Then, using an x ray to see the artery, the surgeon threads the graft (also called a stent graft) into the aorta to the aneurysm. The graft is then expanded inside the aorta and fastened in place to form a stable channel for blood flow. The graft reinforces the weakened section of the aorta. This helps prevent the aneurysm from rupturing.

Surgical clipping. This surgery involves placing a small metal clip around the base of the aneurysm to isolate it from normal blood circulation. This decreases the pressure on the aneurysm and prevents it from rupturing. Whether this surgery can be done depends on the location of the aneurysm, its size, and your general health.
Prevention
The best way to prevent an aortic aneurysm is to avoid the factors that put you at higher risk for one. They are as follows:

Smoking is a greater risk factor for aneurysm than it is for atherosclerosis, the cardiovascular disease where fatty deposits accumulate on the arterial wall and which can weaken artery walls.
A healthy diet includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. It also includes lean meats, poultry, fish, beans, and fat-free or low-fat milk or milk products. A healthy diet is low in saturated fat, Tran’s fat, cholesterol, sodium (salt), and added sugar.