12/01/2026
Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) Test
What is AMH? AMH is a glycoprotein hormone produced by granulosa cells of pre-antral and small antral follicles in the ovaries. It reflects the ovarian follicle pool (ovarian reserve).
Why the AMH Test is Done (Indications)
• Assessment of ovarian reserve
• Evaluation of infertility
• Predicting response to ovarian stimulation (IVF)
• Suspected polycystic o***y syndrome (PCOS)
• Monitoring gonadotoxic therapy (chemotherapy/radiation)
• Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI)
Advantages of AMH
• Can be measured on any day of the menstrual cycle
• Not significantly affected by oral contraceptives
• More stable than FSH or estradiol
Clinical Correlations
Low AMH
• Reduced ovarian reserve
• Poor response to ovarian stimulation
• Does not mean zero fertility
High AMH
• Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)
• Risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS)
What AMH does NOT tell you:
✓ It does not predict natural conception
✓ It does not assess egg quality
✓ It does not confirm menopause timing precisely
When to interpret the AMH results with caution
• Adolescents
• Pregnancy
• Recent ovarian surgery
• After chemotherapy
• Different lab assay standards
In summary
👉 AMH declines earlier than FSH rises
👉 Best single test for ovarian reserve
👉 High AMH + irregular cycles → think PCOS
👉 Low AMH ≠ infertility
AMH is a stable marker of ovarian reserve, useful in fertility assessment and PCOS evaluation, but it does not predict spontaneous fertility.