29/06/2026
What is arterial ulcer?
An arterial ulcer is a painful, slow-healing open sore caused by poor blood circulation. It occurs when narrowed or blocked arteries cannot deliver sufficient oxygen and nutrient-rich blood to the skin and tissues, typically on the lower legs, feet, or toes
Arterial ulcers are highly distinctive and easy to recognize by their specific physical features:
1)Appearance: Round with a "punched-out" look and very well-defined edges.
2) Location: Often form on the heels, toes, in between toes, or on the bony outer ankle.
3) Color: The wound bed is usually pale, grey, yellow, or black, with very little to no bleeding or drainage.
4) Surrounding Skin: The skin around the ulcer is typically cool, thin, shiny, hairless, and may feel tight or dry.
5) Pain Level: Extremely painful, especially at night or when the leg is elevated.
Underlying Causes & Risk Factors:
These ulcers are the most common complication of Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD).
Primary causes and risk factors include:
Atherosclerosis: The buildup of fatty, cholesterol plaques in the arteries.
Lifestyle: Smoking.
Medical Conditions: Diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol.
Why Immediate Medical Care is Crucia?
Because of the poor blood supply, arterial wounds struggle to heal and are highly susceptible to infection. If left untreated, they can lead to severe tissue death (necrosis) or, in extreme cases, amputation.
Successful treatment focuses on managing the wound while addressing the underlying vascular disease to restore blood flow.