05/11/2023
⬆️ The development of the upper part of the "X" is mostly related to hip joint mechanics. Incorrect hip posture and weak hip muscles will cause the thighs to rotate inward and the knee joints to buckle inward, resulting in an X shape. Clinically found that women are more prone to develop knock knee than men because their pelvic are wider and have a larger Q angle.
⬇️ The lower part of the "X" is mostly related to the ankle and foot. People with flat feet have collapsed foot arch during weight bearing and both lower legs tilt inward, forming knock knee.
⚡️ Excluding traumatic and degenerative issues, 80% of knock knee and bow legs cases are caused by functional problems, and the remaining 20% are structural problems. Structural problems refer to differences in bone structure, which lead to deformations in the appearance of the limbs, while functional problems are mostly caused by muscle tension imbalance.
⚠️ Although some young people with genu valgum do not have knee pain, genu valgum will gradually worsen as they age, leading to knee arthritis, patellar chondromalacia, etc. If daily activity is severely affected, surgical treatment should be considered. Most of the abnormal alignment of the lower limbs can be corrected through proper physiotherapy training, thereby reducing the occurrence of pain.
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⬆️ “X” 的上半部分形成多与髋关节力学有关，髋部的不正确姿势和臀部肌肉无力，都会造成大腿向内旋转，膝关节向内扣，以至于变成X型。临床发现女性产生X型腿的概率要远高于男性，这就与髋关节有关。由于女性的骨盆比男性宽，导致髋至膝的力线斜度更大，膝盖更容易内扣形成X型腿。
⬇️ “X”的下半部分形成多和踝足相关。扁平足的人群足弓塌陷，负重时足内侧下沉，犹如房屋一侧地基坍塌，双侧小腿均向内倾斜，从而形成”X“型腿。
⚡️ 除去创伤性及退化性问题，大约有八成X、O型腿个案是「功能性」问题，剩下约两成「结构性」。结构性问题指的是骨骼结构差异，所导致肢体外观变形，而功能性问题则大多是因为「张力失衡」所引起腿型改变。
⚠️ 虽然部分患有膝外翻的年轻人并没有膝关节疼痛，但随着年龄的增加，膝外翻会逐渐加重，出现膝关节炎，髌骨软化症等，严重影响日常生活的就要考虑手术治疗了。通过针对性的物理治疗训练可以纠正“X”型腿所导致的下肢力线异常，从而减少疼痛的发生。
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#膝外翻 #曦望物理治疗
