31/07/2025
在马来西亚，现行的国家免疫计划包括接种两剂 MMR（三合一疫苗：麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹），分别在：
9个月大 和
12个月大 时接种。
鉴于近期麻疹病例上升，马来西亚卫生部已启动 MR 补充免疫活动（MR SIA），为高风险地区 6个月至59个月 的儿童提供额外的 麻疹-风疹（MR）疫苗 接种。
谁应该接种 MR 补充疫苗？
6个月至8.5个月大的儿童：
可接种 MR 疫苗作为额外一剂，但这不能替代常规的 MMR 疫苗，仍需在9个月和12个月时按时接种 MMR。
9至12个月大的儿童：
如果已按照常规计划接种 MMR，则无需再接种 MR 补充疫苗。
12个月以上的儿童：
若已完成两剂 MMR 疫苗，并且第二剂已在至少4周前接种，仍可选择接种 MR 疫苗。多接种一剂不会有害，反而有助于提供*增强免疫（booster）*的效果。
为什么需要额外接种一剂？
在 1岁之前接种 MMR 疫苗 时，体内可能仍存在母传抗体，这可能影响疫苗的免疫效果。因此，在之后再补打一剂 MR 疫苗是安全的，并有助于提升长期免疫保护。
In Malaysia, the current national immunisation schedule includes two doses of the MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) vaccine, given at:
9 months, and
12 months of age.
However, in response to the recent measles outbreak, the Ministry of Health has launched the MR Supplemental Immunisation Activity (MR SIA) campaign, offering the Measles-Rubella (MR) vaccine to children aged 6 to 59 months in affected areas.
Who Should Receive the MR SIA Vaccine?
Children aged 6 months to 8.5 months:
Eligible and encouraged to receive the MR vaccine under the campaign. This is considered an additional dose and does not replace the routine MMR vaccinations at 9 and 12 months.
Children aged 9 to 12 months:
Do not require the MR SIA dose if they are on schedule with their routine MMR vaccinations.
Children older than 12 months:
If the child has already completed the two MMR doses, with the second dose given at least 4 weeks ago, they may still receive the MR vaccine as part of the campaign. There is no harm in receiving an extra dose, and it may provide a booster effect.
Why is an Extra Dose Recommended?
The effectiveness of MMR vaccination given before 12 months of age may be lower due to the presence of maternal antibodies, which can reduce immunogenicity. Therefore, an additional MR dose later on is safe and may enhance long-term protection.
