01/09/2023
WHAT MAKES BLOOD A LIQUID FORM WITHIN VESSELS IN THE LIVING SYSTEM.
Blood is a fluid connective tissue, it's also called "the river of life" due to it functions and flowing ability within the vessels in the body's system. Blood play vital roles but the general metabolic functions are Transportation, immunity, coagulation, and also regulatory function such as system temperature regulation.
In the system, blood travels within vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries).The vessels consist of two major components that play roles in the pathway that maintain blood in liquid form within the system.
1) Extracellular matrix /collagen fibers: Present in the outer part of the vessel, It involves in attraction of platelets to forms primary plug. This process occurs when there is tissues damage.
2) Endothelial lining: Consisting of healthy endothelial cells which are the main precursors of the process that keeps blood in fluids forms). The components on the healthy endothelial cells and the processes involved maintenance of blood in liquid forms are as follows;
a) Healthy endothelial cells contains Nitrioxide (NO), Prostacyclin and ADP phosphatase; These molecules serves as anti-platelets. They inactivates the activated platelets, the activated platelets loves binding to the Extracellular matrix by which platelets aggregation occurs. Attraction of platelets to the Extracellular matrix can occur when their is tissues damage due to the exposure of Extracellular matrix and absence of Nitrioxide NO, Prostacyclin and ADP phosphatase.
b) Healthy endothelial cells contains heparan sulfate which have binding sites for activating a non active enzyme (Antithrombin III) once binds to it. The activated Antithrombin III (ATIII) inhibit coagulation (clotting) by lysing the clotting factors which are Thrombin, activated factor X (Xa) and activated factor IX (IXa).
c) Thrombin modulator; Thrombin itself is procoagulant but when binds with this modulator it so much modulates itself and becomes anticoagulant by activating protein C. Protein C is produced by liver, when activated it destroy activated factor V (Va) and VIII (VIIIa) which are blood clotting factors.
d) Tissue plasminogen activator (TPA); In some physiological condition where coagulation occuring somewhere i.e fibrinogen converted to fibrin, fibrin is an insoluble protein that is produced in response to bleeding and is the major component of the blood clot. Healthy endothelial cells produce a protein called tissue plasminogen activator (TPA). Tissue plasminogen activator activates a protein produced by a liver known as plasminogen into plasmin, Plasmin destroy the Fabrin by breaking the Fabrin into Fabrin degradation products.
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