15/08/2025
Psychological First Aid (PFA) is an evidence-informed approach designed to help people, including children cope in the immediate aftermath of a distressing, dangerous, or traumatic event.
It’s not therapy, counselling, or deep emotional processing. Instead, it’s about providing practical, emotional, and social support in the hours or days after something stressful happens, so the person and/or child feels safe, understood, and connected.
The core goals of PFA are to:
1. Ensure safety – Make sure the child or person is physically safe and away from danger, and make sure basic needs are met.
2. Promote calm – Use a calm voice, a reassuring presence, and clear information to reduce anxiety.
3. Connect with supports – Help the person or child link to trusted adults, friends, family, and community resources.
4. Offer practical help and comfort – Assist with immediate needs like water, food, shelter, or contacting loved ones. For children, a snack, a blanket or familiar routine is helpful.
5. Give accurate information – Provide simple, honest, age-appropriate explanations about what’s happening.
6. Encourage hope and coping – Remind them of strengths and coping skills.
What Co-Regulation Looks Like in PFA:
1. Stay calm yourself – Children “borrow” your nervous system. Your slow breathing, steady tone, and relaxed body language can help them mirror calmness.
2. Physical presence – Sitting nearby, keeping your body at their level, and offering gentle eye contact can signal safety.
3. Soothing sensory input – Offering a blanket, stuffed toy, or even your hand if they want to hold it can ground them.
4. Matched breathing – Breathe slowly and invite them to follow, but without pressure.
5. Soft, simple language – Short, reassuring phrases like “You’re safe now. I’m here with you.”
6. Rhythmic activities – Gentle rocking in a chair, walking slowly together, or tapping a beat can regulate the nervous system.