12/05/2026
In one of the projects, I needed a "clean" voltage to measure current and voltage. For the test, I used cheap Chinese DC-DC modules from 12V to 5V before making my own. I thought I had a measurement error or software error, because the ADC was very unstable and the values were jumping for no reason. It quickly turned out that this was not the case, because the voltage was very "polluted". Then I started checking the DC-DC converters. With the LM2596, it turned out that this was not the chip at all. The elements were for the LM2596, and the inscription on the chip is LM2596, but the switching frequency, which should have been 150kHz for this chip, was only 50kHz and the AC ripple was very large, 300mVpp, due to inappropriate elements for this operating mode. According to the datasheet, I found out that this is the frequency for the LM2576. When I replaced the 33uH inductor with 100uH (due to lower switching frequency) and the capacitors from 100uH to 330uF it works OK. If you use tantalum capacitors, they should be rated at 2x the supply voltage and 100nF, parallel capacitors for peak smoothing. The AC ripple drops a lot, to about 10mVpp, which is acceptable. Now I have my own circuit, I was able to assemble it with the right LM2596 and it works great.
We measure the voltage noise by first measuring the oscilloscope noise itself and then subtracting it from the voltage measurement, the oscilloscope must be set to AC coupling, and the BW is limited to 20Mhz. This time the probe is set to 1x, otherwise we use 10x. Before measuring, we calibrate the probe to 1Khz (a nice rectangular signal, no spikes) the internal oscillator on the oscilloscope, so that it is adjusted for the input.
I also had a surprise with the MP1584EN chip. The datasheet mentions that the current without load consumption is about 100uA, but why does my module consume 26mA in idle mode? When I just looked at the circuit and compared it with the one in the datasheet, I realized that this is not this chip at all. According to the pins, it is aMP1593, or an ACL 4060 or 4070 chip, the difference is the max current 2A for 4060 and 3A for 4070. The chip itself is labeled MP1584EN. This chip is probably very popular and the Chinese just copied old chips with this label. Because it still works at 3A, otherwise it gets very hot even at 2A, because the elements here are not the right values. I also had a circuit with the real MP1584EN, and that works fine. The no-load current is only 0.22mA, this is energy saving for battery power, it has a soft-start, in 1.5 ms the voltage rises to the full set value, the max current is 2.5A, it works constantly at 1.8A, it is only a little warm, and at 3A it turns off because it starts to heat up a lot, just like it is mentioned in the datasheet. AC ripple is only 20-30mV. This chip works great, if only it is the right one :). After replacing the elements, the module with ACL 4060/4070 also works ok, it is necessary to change some values, just like it says in the dasheet and it is stable. In the photo, the circuit with MP1584EN.