09/22/2026
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Monarch butterflies are going south on a 3,000-mile journey.
They’ve never made this journey before, yet monarch butterflies are heading toward the forests where their ancestors spent the winter.
The fall migration is underway across North America. Some eastern monarchs travel up to 3,000 miles (4,800 kilometers) to the mountain forests of central Mexico.
Most monarchs east of the Rocky Mountains head toward Mexico’s oyamel fir forests. Many western monarchs spend winter in sheltered groves along California’s coast.
The butterflies making this trip belong to a long-lived migratory “super generation.” While earlier generations typically survive only two to six weeks as adults, these monarchs can live for up to nine months, surviving winter before beginning the return north in spring.
The southbound travelers are several generations removed from the butterflies that last occupied those wintering grounds.
Their journey depends on both fuel and weather. Nectar provides energy, while favorable winds and rising air currents help them cover long distances without constantly flapping.
During the day, they stop at flowers to feed. At night, they may gather in sheltered trees, forming temporary roosts containing hundreds or even thousands of butterflies.
Peak migration generally moves through the central U.S. during September and farther south through October. Many eastern monarchs reach central Mexico from late October into November, although weather can shift the timing.
To spot them, look for late-blooming flowers in parks, gardens, and meadows on sunny days. Near sunset or early morning, watch for clusters resting in trees.
Leaving native fall flowers blooming and avoiding pesticides can help provide safer stopovers. Native milkweed supports the next generation by feeding caterpillars; nectar fuels the migrating adults.
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"Monarch butterflies are heading south. This map shows when they'll pass over you." AccuWeather