08/22/2026
Check out last night’s visitor! 🐸
This is a Sonoran Desert Toad (Incilius alvarius), sometimes also called the Colorado River Toad. They are one of the many amazing species we see here in Fountain Hills, especially after rainstorms near washes and other water sources.
They are also one of the most interesting and dangerous species around.
Those bumps behind his eyes? That’s not just a part of his exceptionally handsome physique - they’re actually called parotoid glands, and they serve a very important purpose to our amphibious friends. They are his defense mechanism. When threatened, these glands release a toxic, defensive secretion.
Here’s where things get ✨ trippy ✨ … one of the many active compounds found in Sonoran Desert Toad secretion is 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), which - you guessed it! - is a psychoactive compound. They are the only animal known to produce this compound, and scientists still don’t know how they do it!
This chemical protection mechanism keeps them safe, but is genuinely dangerous to humans, dogs, cats, and most other species. The toxins can cause severe drooling, vomiting, lethargy, abnormal heart rhythm, seizures, and more, including death. So despite my desire to admire this guy from a close but safe distance, Winnie absolutely had to be put inside first. Thankfully I was able to find him again after putting her inside, which was when I was able to grab these pictures.
This guy wasn’t trying to hurt me, Winnie, or anything else (except the unlucky cricket or two). He’d much rather be left alone to wander the desert in search of food and mates than waste biological energy in defense mode. So, after admiring him and taking some photos, he got to enjoy the rest of his night in peace without a big scary human making googly eyes over him.
I love the Sonoran Desert. There’s always something interesting everywhere you look... Sometimes it happens to be a giant psychedelic toad 🐸 🌈