07/25/2026
There is a reason kiddos need to be rear facing as long as possible!
Let's talk about the spine. 🔗
🤰At birth, babies are born with 33 vertebrae that are made up of soft cartilage that make up the spine. Not fully hardened bone. (Cool fact; adults have 24 vertebrae because the lower 9 fuse completly together)
👶By 6-12 months bones begin to slowly harden but the spine is still very much under developed. Neck muscles get stronger but they are nowhere near strong enough to protect the fragile spine against crash forces.
👧Between 1-2 years old the vertebrae continue to harden but still have soft cartilage between them. The bones that make up each of these vertebrae have not yet fused together.
👦Between 2 to 3 years old ossification (hardening of the bone) continues. The vertebrae become stronger, but they are still developing. The spine is much stronger than it was as a baby, but still not fully mature. It can take the vertebrae several more years before full ossification is complete.
This is why age 2 is considered the bare minimum, not the ideal time, to remain rear facing. With many car seat manufacturers recognizing this and changing their rules to reflect this. Most children can still comfortably fit within the rear facing limits of a convertible car seat at this age and beyond.
In a crash: 💥
Rear facing supports the child's head, neck, and entire spine, distributing crash forces over the strongest parts of the body.
While forward facing allows the body to be restrained by the harness, but the head continues moving forward, placing tremendous force on the neck and spinal cord. For an underdeveloped spine that could mean internal decapitation.
✨The bottom line: ✨
Until the bones are more fully formed and fused, rear facing gives the best protection by supporting the entire head, neck, and spine together during a crash.
For this reason, the recommendation is to keep children rear facing until they reach the maximum rear-facing height or weight limit of their car seat, even if that means riding rear facing until age 3, 4, or beyond.