01/22/2021
The new COVID-19 variants circulating are estimated to be 56 – 70% MORE transmissible. What does this mean for protecting ourselves from getting and transmitting the virus? We have to be more vigilant than ever. With a more transmissible virus, that means exposures have an increased likelihood of leading to spread. We must be more stringent with our behaviors now, including social distancing, minimizing trips to public places, avoiding indoor spaces, and ALWAYS wear a mask. But, not just any mask will do – quality matters. N95 masks are the gold standard—but they can be hard to find, expensive, and tend to be recommended for frontline healthcare workers. Some alternative KN95 and KF94 masks have been tested and granted EUA by the FDA for being as protective as N95. But check the approved brands – counterfeit options are circulating which have poor protective abilities. A recent study testing 11 mask materials found that more protective masks have three layers — 2 tightly woven cloth layers with a non-woven high-efficiency filter material (e.g., HEPA filter) sandwiched in between. Masks should be fitted around the bridge of the nose and fitted to reduce gaps. Head ties create a better fit than ear loops. It’s important to understand that cloth masks were intended to be a stopgap measure. Many that are routinely worn by people offer little to no protection, depending on the material, number of layers, and fit. A high-quality 3-ply surgical mask or a fabric mask of at least two layers with a high thread count will offer basic protection for the public. If you’re walking outdoors, a single mask will suffice, but if you will be in close proximity to people who live outside your household, a simple solution is to double-mask. You can wear a cloth mask tightly on top of a 3-ply surgical mask - the surgical mask acts as a filter and the cloth mask provides an additional layer while improving the fit. If the masks fit well, these combinations should produce an overall efficiency of over 90% for particles 1 μm and larger, which corresponds to the average size of respiratory aerosols that are most important in mediating transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Sources: 1. https://www.cell.com/med/fulltext/S2666-6340(20)30072-6 2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32845196/ 3. https://www.webmd.com/lung/news/20210119/experts-call-for-better-masks-as-pandemic-rolls-on 4. https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/coronavirus-covid-19-and-medical-devices/face-masks-including-surgical-masks-and-respirators-covid-19 5. https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/vitro-study-shows-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-elicits