12/08/2024
In 1942, Thorek presented his transverse infraumbilical technique and introduced another type of resection in the supraumbilical region. This incision, called the inverted “bat wing,” extends from the xiphoid appendix to the lateral abdominal wall, at the level of the costal margin.
In 1957, Vernon combined Thorek’s transverse incision with the detachment of the superior abdominal flap and the transposition of the umbilicus.
However, it was the technique described by Callia in his doctoral thesis in 1965 that established several important principles. In this technique, the median portion of the incision is located over the p***s, with its lateral extensions running parallel and beneath the inguinal ligaments. It also advocated for the approximation of the re**us abdominis muscles without aponeurotic opening. This technique placed the scar in a zone concealed by clothing, opening a new phase in the history of abdominoplasties and significantly expanding its indications.
In 1967, Pitanguy positioned the suprap***c transverse incision, curving it laterally downward, with extensive detachment and umbilical transposition, along with anterior aponeurosis plication to correct the separation of the re**us abdominis muscles. Later, in 1974, he concluded that the lateral extensions could curve downward or upward, depending on the case.
In 1983, Richard Greminger advocated for mini-abdominoplasty, performing an incision near the p***c hairline, detachment of the flap up to the umbilicus, plication from the umbilical region to the p***s, and liposuction after the detachment.
In 1985, Farid Hakme described mini-abdominoplasty combined with liposuction. After deep liposuction, he performed a low incision of 20-24 cm, detached the adipocutaneous flap up to the costal margin, left the umbilical pedicle adhered to the linea alba, and performed xipho-p***c plication.