09/11/2026
NEW STUDY | OUT NOW!
New research shows how ‘reward processing’ varies among 9/11 responders, pointing to potential new targets for PTSD treatment.
Press Release
👉 https://www.mountsinai.org/about/newsroom/2026/how-the-brain-anticipates-positive-experiences-may-contribute-to-resilience-after-trauma-study-of-world-trade-center-responders-finds
Reward processing is the brain's system for recognizing positive experiences, motivating behavior, and helping us learn from outcomes that benefit us. These experiences can be either anticipated, or directly experienced.
Psychological factors that rely on intact reward processing and anticipation, including the capacity for positive emotions, optimism, and hope, have long been associated with greater to . However, the brain mechanisms underlying this relationship have rarely been studied.
In this new study, researchers Saren H. Seeley, Adriana Feder, et al. examined brain activity approximately two decades after 9/11, among rescue and recovery workers from the WTC Health Program General Responder Cohort. Participants included individuals with and without chronic WTC-related ( ), as well as responders with varying levels of exposure to potentially traumatic elements of the 9/11 attacks and their aftermath.
“Little is known about brain function during reward anticipation in resilient individuals. This study is unique in its focus on the function of reward circuitry in highly resilient individuals, compared with those with chronic PTSD and lower WTC-exposed controls. All participants were involved in rescue and recovery work following the 9/11 attacks on the WTC, but the severity of exposure varied.” - Dr. Adriana Feder
“We wanted to understand why some World Trade Center responders developed chronic posttraumatic stress disorder, while others maintained good psychological health despite experiencing similar extreme stressors during recovery efforts.” - Robert Pietrzak, PhD, MPH
Learn More in Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging
👉 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451902226002089
Differential Reward Circuitry Engagement During Anticipation in Highly Resilient World Trade Center Responders
- Saren H. Seeley, Zoe Schreiber, Agnes Norbury, Laurel S Morris, Elisa Monti, Leah Cahn, Cindy Aaronson, Mary Kowalchyk, Jonathan DePierro, James Murrough, Emily Stern, Dennis S. Charney, Robert Pietrzak, M. Mercedes Perez-Rodriguez, Adriana Feder
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai The Mount Sinai Hospital Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at the Icahn School of Medicine UCL Stony Brook University James J. Peters VA Medical Center (Bronx, NY) New York University Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research Connecticut VA Healthcare System Yale School of Medicine World Trade Center Health Program