07/23/2026
Back Pack Safety
Chad McDill D.C.
Kids' Back Pain Caused by Weighty Backpacks
· The pack should only measure 75% of the length of the child’s back. 75% is approximately the length between the shoulder blades and the waist
· Heavy loads placed in backpacks forces the wearer's head and neck to crane forward, which can cause “Forward Head Posture” (FHP). Forward head posture places direct pressure on the anterior side of the spinal cord, thereby altering physiology and normal neural pathways.
· Journal Orthopedics: several studies that dealt with the load of backpacks and the structural spinal deformity that takes place as a result.
· Backpacks with single straps should be avoided completely because of their effects on the spine.
· Backpack should be kept to less than 10% of the child's body weight in order to avoid overloading the spine, which causes harmful posture and creates abnormal physiology. Example 75Lbs child should carry maximum load of a 7.5 Lb pack
· Heavy Backpacks distort the natural curves in the middle and lower backs, causing muscle strain and irritation to the spine joints and the rib cage
Lead to rounding of the shoulders
Cause a person to lean forward, reducing balance and making it easier to fall
Tips to Prevent Back Pain from Kids’ Backpacks:
· Lightweight material (canvas as opposed to leather)
· Two padded, wide (2-inches), adjustable shoulder straps on the backpack
· Padded back
· Individualized compartments
· Hip strap, waist belt, or frame to redistribute the weight of the backpack from the shoulders and back to the pelvis
· Wheels so that the backpack can be pulled rather than carried
· Consider using a separate bag for the child's laptop or other heavier electronic items
Sources
1. Chansirinukor W, Wilson D, Grimmer K, Dansie B. Effects of backpacks on students: measurement of cervical and shoulder posture. Aust J Physiother. 2001; 47:110-116.
2. Cottalorda J, Rahmani A, Diop M, Gautheron V, Ebermeyer E, Belli A. Influence of school bag carrying on gait kinetics. J Pediatr Orthop B. 2003; 12:357-364.
3. Hong Y, Brueggemann GP. Changes in gait pattern in 10-year-old boys with increasing loads when walking on a treadmill. Gait Posture. 2000; 11:254-259.
4. Viry P, Creveuil C, Marcelli C. Nonspecific back pain in children. A search for associated factors in 14-year-old schoolchildren. Rev Rhum. 1999; 66:381-388.
5. Skaggs DL, Early SD, D'Ambra P, Tolo VT, Kay RM.Back pain and backpacks in school children. J Pediatr Orthop. 2006 May-Jun;26(3):358-63.