09/23/2025
Endometriosis is is not simply a “menstruation disease.” It is a complex, systemic condition in which tissue similar to the endometrial lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, affecting multiple systems throughout the body. These include the endocrine, immune, reproductive, gastrointestinal, urinary, and nervous systems.
Women with endometriosis often exhibit:
Altered estrogen metabolism
Reduced progesterone sensitivity in endometrial tissues
Local estrogen production by endometrial lesions, contributing to hormonal imbalance (high estrogen-to-progesterone ratio)
Endometrial cells can appear on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, bowel, bladder, peritoneal tissue, ligaments, and other abdominal structures. In rare cases, they may even affect the nasal and respiratory passages, causing nosebleeds or pink frothy sputum during menstruation.
Ovarian endometriomas can impair ovarian function and reduce ovarian reserve.
Lesions on the fallopian tubes may cause adhesions, scarring, inflammation, and blockages.
Pelvic inflammation can negatively impact fertility.
Endometriosis is associated with systemic immune dysfunction, where immune cells such as macrophages, natural killer cells, and lymphocytes fail to function properly and cannot effectively eliminate ectopic endometrial tissue.
The estrobolome—a collection of gut microbiota—releases an enzyme called beta-glucuronidase (β-glucuronidase), which deconjugates estrogen and converts it into its biologically active form. This form is then reabsorbed into the body.
If gut dysbiosis (an imbalance in gut bacteria) occurs, it can lead to estrogen dominance, promoting lesion formation and worsening symptoms
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Endometriosis: A Complex Systemic Disease Endometriosis is is not simply a “menstruation disease.” It is a complex, systemic condition in which tissue similar to the endometrial lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, affecting multiple systems throughout the body. These include the endoc...