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Equine-Reproduction.com LLC An Equine Reproduction Management & Educational Service providing information and services worldwide! CE accredited courses for veterinarians and vet. techs.

Equine-Reproduction.com is dedicated to providing both basic and advanced information to horse breeders world-wide. The site is used as a resource by many Universities in their equine reproduction programs, and all information offered on the site is free with no restrictions for viewing. Equine reproduction short courses, semen freezing and stallion/mare management services are also offered through the site in many different locations throughout the USA. are available, as well as courses suitable for the general public.

๐Ÿด ๐„๐๐”๐ˆ๐๐„ ๐‘๐„๐๐‘๐Ž๐ƒ๐”๐‚๐“๐ˆ๐Ž๐ ๐’๐‡๐Ž๐‘๐“ ๐‚๐Ž๐”๐‘๐’๐„๐’ โ€” ๐…๐„๐๐‘๐”๐€๐‘๐˜ ๐Ÿ๐ŸŽ๐Ÿ๐Ÿ•!Go beyond the basics of equine reproduction. Understand the science,...
10/19/2026

๐Ÿด ๐„๐๐”๐ˆ๐๐„ ๐‘๐„๐๐‘๐Ž๐ƒ๐”๐‚๐“๐ˆ๐Ž๐ ๐’๐‡๐Ž๐‘๐“ ๐‚๐Ž๐”๐‘๐’๐„๐’ โ€” ๐…๐„๐๐‘๐”๐€๐‘๐˜ ๐Ÿ๐ŸŽ๐Ÿ๐Ÿ•!

Go beyond the basics of equine reproduction. Understand the science, improve your practical skills, and bring the latest research into your breeding program!

Join us for our 2027 short courses, combining university-level content with practical, accessible teaching for veterinarians, breeding professionals and breeders alike.

๐Ÿ“… ๐Ÿ๐ŸŽ๐Ÿ๐Ÿ• ๐‚๐Ž๐”๐‘๐’๐„ ๐ƒ๐€๐“๐„๐’

๐ŸŽ Mare Short Course โ€” Saturday & Sunday, February 13โ€“14

๐ŸŽ Stallion Short Course โ€” Monday, February 15 (US federal holiday)

๐Ÿ”ฌ What makes our courses different?

โœ… Highly visual lectures featuring extensive photographs and video.

โœ… Half-day practical sessions covering both mare and stallion reproduction.

โœ… Research-informed content incorporating findings from international veterinary meetings, including the International Symposium on Equine Reproduction, the International Symposium on Equine Embryo Transfer and Poland's PolSKI meetings.

โœ… In-depth scientific information presented in a way that even early-career breeders can understand and apply.

Whether you're a veterinarian seeking to deepen your expertise or a breeder wanting to understand more about the science behind your breeding program, these courses offer an opportunity to learn from specialists working at the forefront of equine reproduction.

Attend the mare course, the stallion course, or both โ€” with a discount when you book both components!

โš ๏ธ Places are strictly limited to just 15 attendees and can fill quickly.

๐Ÿ“ฉ The link to the course page on our website is in the first comment below - there are lots more details there as well as the ability to enroll right away!!

๐‹๐จ๐ง๐ -๐“๐ž๐ซ๐ฆ ๐‹๐ข๐ช๐ฎ๐ข๐ ๐๐ข๐ญ๐ซ๐จ๐ ๐ž๐ง ๐’๐ญ๐จ๐ซ๐š๐ ๐ž ๐„๐Ÿ๐Ÿ๐ž๐œ๐ญ๐ฌ ๐จ๐ง ๐…๐ซ๐จ๐ณ๐ž๐ง ๐’๐ญ๐š๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐’๐ž๐ฆ๐ž๐ง ๐๐ฎ๐š๐ฅ๐ข๐ญ๐ฒ ๐š๐ง๐ ๐Œ๐ž๐ฌ๐ฌ๐ž๐ง๐ ๐ž๐ซ ๐‘๐๐€ ๐€๐›๐ฎ๐ง๐๐š๐ง๐œ๐žCryopreserved seme...
10/18/2026

๐‹๐จ๐ง๐ -๐“๐ž๐ซ๐ฆ ๐‹๐ข๐ช๐ฎ๐ข๐ ๐๐ข๐ญ๐ซ๐จ๐ ๐ž๐ง ๐’๐ญ๐จ๐ซ๐š๐ ๐ž ๐„๐Ÿ๐Ÿ๐ž๐œ๐ญ๐ฌ ๐จ๐ง ๐…๐ซ๐จ๐ณ๐ž๐ง ๐’๐ญ๐š๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐’๐ž๐ฆ๐ž๐ง ๐๐ฎ๐š๐ฅ๐ข๐ญ๐ฒ ๐š๐ง๐ ๐Œ๐ž๐ฌ๐ฌ๐ž๐ง๐ ๐ž๐ซ ๐‘๐๐€ ๐€๐›๐ฎ๐ง๐๐š๐ง๐œ๐ž

Cryopreserved semen stored in liquid nitrogen is widely assumed to maintain fertility indefinitely, yet emerging reports suggest possible long-term quality decline. This study examined whether extended storage duration affects conventional s***m quality parameters and fertility-associated messenger RNA abundance in commercially cryopreserved stallion semen.

https://equine-reproduction.com/articles/issr-8/long-term-storage-effects-on-frozen-stallion-semen

We share the summary on our website, courtesy of and with the permission of the International Society for Equine Reproduction ()

(Vigolo V, Ertl R, Aurich C. 2025. Long-term storage does not result in considerable changes of frozen stallion semen characteristics but affects semen mRNA abundance. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 145:105332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105332)

๐€๐ง๐ญ๐ข-๐Œ๐ฎฬˆ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ž๐ซ๐ข๐š๐ง ๐‡๐จ๐ซ๐ฆ๐จ๐ง๐ž ๐š๐ฌ ๐š ๐๐จ๐ญ๐ž๐ง๐ญ๐ข๐š๐ฅ ๐…๐ž๐ซ๐ญ๐ข๐ฅ๐ข๐ญ๐ฒ ๐๐ข๐จ๐ฆ๐š๐ซ๐ค๐ž๐ซ ๐ข๐ง ๐’๐ญ๐š๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ข๐จ๐ง๐ฌAnti-Mรผllerian hormone, secreted by Sertoli cells...
10/11/2026

๐€๐ง๐ญ๐ข-๐Œ๐ฎฬˆ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ž๐ซ๐ข๐š๐ง ๐‡๐จ๐ซ๐ฆ๐จ๐ง๐ž ๐š๐ฌ ๐š ๐๐จ๐ญ๐ž๐ง๐ญ๐ข๐š๐ฅ ๐…๐ž๐ซ๐ญ๐ข๐ฅ๐ข๐ญ๐ฒ ๐๐ข๐จ๐ฆ๐š๐ซ๐ค๐ž๐ซ ๐ข๐ง ๐’๐ญ๐š๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ข๐จ๐ง๐ฌ

Anti-Mรผllerian hormone, secreted by Sertoli cells, is well-studied in mares but its relationship to stallion fertility remains poorly characterized. Building on evidence linking low serum anti-Mรผllerian hormone to poor semen quality in infertile men and dogs, this week's "ISSR snippet" looks at a study which evaluated whether serum anti-Mรผllerian hormone concentration could predict breeding performance in stallions.

https://equine-reproduction.com/articles/issr-8/anti-mullerian-hormone-as-a-potential-fertility-biomarker-in-stallions

We share the summary on our website, courtesy of and with the permission of the International Society for Equine Reproduction () .

(Sajecka OZ, Morrell J. 2025. Anti Mullerian Hormone as a potential biomarker of stallions fertility. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 145:105321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105321)

๐„๐Ÿ๐Ÿ๐ž๐œ๐ญ ๐จ๐Ÿ ๐Ž๐ณ๐จ๐ง๐ž ๐†๐š๐ฌ ๐จ๐ง ๐’๐ญ๐š๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐’๐ž๐ฆ๐ž๐ง ๐๐ฎ๐š๐ฅ๐ข๐ญ๐ฒ ๐š๐ง๐ ๐Œ๐ข๐œ๐ซ๐จ๐›๐ข๐š๐ฅ ๐‚๐จ๐ง๐ญ๐š๐ฆ๐ข๐ง๐š๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐งOzone has demonstrated antimicrobial properties...
10/02/2026

๐„๐Ÿ๐Ÿ๐ž๐œ๐ญ ๐จ๐Ÿ ๐Ž๐ณ๐จ๐ง๐ž ๐†๐š๐ฌ ๐จ๐ง ๐’๐ญ๐š๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐’๐ž๐ฆ๐ž๐ง ๐๐ฎ๐š๐ฅ๐ข๐ญ๐ฒ ๐š๐ง๐ ๐Œ๐ข๐œ๐ซ๐จ๐›๐ข๐š๐ฅ ๐‚๐จ๐ง๐ญ๐š๐ฆ๐ข๐ง๐š๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง

Ozone has demonstrated antimicrobial properties through destabilization of bacterial cell wall phospholipids and inhibition of fungal cell division, however the effect of ozone gas on stallion semen has not been widely evaluated. Given growing interest in reducing antibiotic use in semen extenders, this study evaluated whether ozone exposure could reduce bacterial and fungal contamination in stallion semen without compromising s***m quality.

https://equine-reproduction.com/articles/issr-8/effect-of-ozone-gas-on-stallion-semen

We share the summary on our website, courtesy of and with the permission of the International Society for Equine Reproduction.

(Ribeiro MT, Ferraz PJ, Rosa LBM, Jesus VLT, Freitas VS, da Costa Souza HS, De Oliveira Andrade AC, Knackfuss FB, Jacob JCF. 2025. Effect of ozone gas on stallion semen. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 145:105319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105319)

๐•๐š๐ฅ๐ž ๐ƒ๐ซ. "๐๐จ๐›" ๐ƒ๐จ๐ฎ๐ ๐ฅ๐š๐ฌ In the US, Australia, Brazil and other countries, many equine reproductive practitioners will hav...
09/28/2026

๐•๐š๐ฅ๐ž ๐ƒ๐ซ. "๐๐จ๐›" ๐ƒ๐จ๐ฎ๐ ๐ฅ๐š๐ฌ

In the US, Australia, Brazil and other countries, many equine reproductive practitioners will have used the drugs, the tests or the research created by BET Pharm, BET Labs in the US or one of their sister companies in other countries. All of these were creations of the remarkable foresight from Dr. Robert Douglas - known to pretty much all as "Dr. Bob". Sadly, this larger than life man is no more.

Not only was Dr. Bob an innovator, he was a proud protector of the compounding pharmacy, locking horns on many occasions with the FDA and other Governmental bodies to ensure that breeders would be able to continue to have access to a wide variety of compounded drugs and hormones which would otherwise not have been available, as the potential for financial return was not great enough to offset the cost of FDA testing. Products such as P&E, time-release Altrenogest and ovulation promoters such as Deslorelin and Histrelin were all available at BET Pharm from their earliest days, with the biorelease formulae using the carrying agent developed by his good (late) friend Dr. Pat Burns - with whom we are sure he is now in heavy debate about some heavenly new formula!

His legacy will live on, but he will be missed.

๐’๐ฉ๐ž๐ซ๐ฆ ๐Œ๐ž๐ฆ๐›๐ซ๐š๐ง๐ž ๐‹๐ข๐ฉ๐ข๐ ๐๐ซ๐จ๐Ÿ๐ข๐ฅ๐ž ๐ƒ๐ข๐Ÿ๐Ÿ๐ž๐ซ๐ž๐ง๐œ๐ž๐ฌ ๐๐ž๐ญ๐ฐ๐ž๐ž๐ง ๐๐จ๐จ๐ซ ๐š๐ง๐ ๐†๐จ๐จ๐ ๐…๐ซ๐ž๐ž๐ณ๐ž๐ซ ๐’๐ญ๐š๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ข๐จ๐ง๐ฌA significant subset of stallions exhibi...
09/28/2026

๐’๐ฉ๐ž๐ซ๐ฆ ๐Œ๐ž๐ฆ๐›๐ซ๐š๐ง๐ž ๐‹๐ข๐ฉ๐ข๐ ๐๐ซ๐จ๐Ÿ๐ข๐ฅ๐ž ๐ƒ๐ข๐Ÿ๐Ÿ๐ž๐ซ๐ž๐ง๐œ๐ž๐ฌ ๐๐ž๐ญ๐ฐ๐ž๐ž๐ง ๐๐จ๐จ๐ซ ๐š๐ง๐ ๐†๐จ๐จ๐ ๐…๐ซ๐ž๐ž๐ณ๐ž๐ซ ๐’๐ญ๐š๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ข๐จ๐ง๐ฌ

A significant subset of stallions exhibits poor s***m tolerance to cryopreservation for reasons that remain incompletely understood. This study used mass spectrometry-based lipidomic analysis to characterize and compare s***m membrane lipid profiles between stallions with established poor and good post-thaw semen quality. Notably, this research emphasizes the importance of understanding the s***m membrane lipid pro๏ฌle in predicting cryopreservation outcomes.

https://equine-reproduction.com/articles/issr-8/s***m-membrane-lipid-pro๏ฌle

We share the summary on our website, courtesy of and with the permission of the International Society for Equine Reproduction ().

(Ramires Neto C, Freitas-Dell'Aqua CP, Sancler-Silva YFR, Belaz KR, Zampieri D, Tata A, Eberlin M, Papa FO, Dell'Aqua Jr JA, Alvarenga MA. 2025. Lipid profile differences in semen from "bad" and "good" freezer stallions. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 145:105315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105315)

๐’๐ž๐ฆ๐ž๐ง ๐Œ๐ข๐œ๐ซ๐จ๐›๐ข๐จ๐ฆ๐ž ๐ˆ๐ง๐Ÿ๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ž๐ง๐œ๐ž ๐จ๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ž ๐Œ๐š๐ซ๐ž ๐”๐ญ๐ž๐ซ๐ข๐ง๐ž ๐Œ๐ข๐œ๐ซ๐จ๐›๐ข๐จ๐ฆ๐žFor a long time, the equine uterus was regarded as intended to ...
09/20/2026

๐’๐ž๐ฆ๐ž๐ง ๐Œ๐ข๐œ๐ซ๐จ๐›๐ข๐จ๐ฆ๐ž ๐ˆ๐ง๐Ÿ๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ž๐ง๐œ๐ž ๐จ๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ž ๐Œ๐š๐ซ๐ž ๐”๐ญ๐ž๐ซ๐ข๐ง๐ž ๐Œ๐ข๐œ๐ซ๐จ๐›๐ข๐จ๐ฆ๐ž

For a long time, the equine uterus was regarded as intended to be "sterile" with any bacterium found present with culture being regarded with great suspicion and often treated with antibiotics. Gradually awareness of the difference between "pathogen", "contaminant" and "normal flora" became recognized, and the importance of a cytology smear result to support the findings of a culture as being pathogenic and requiring treatment - and conversely, the limitations of a culture result alone - became apparent. Unfortunately, many still do not comprehend this and still rely on culture results alone, with often unnecessary - and potentially risky - antibiotic use occurring.

Today, a better understanding of the "microbiome" is being achieved - not only related to the mare's uterus, but mammalian systems as a whole (we all have our own specific microbiomes, which are not necessarily the same as the person sitting next to you!). This week's ISSR-8 "snippet" looked at the effects of one microbiome from a different source on another - that of a semen microbiome on a uterine microbiome. There's still a lot more to be learned, but this is an interesting and thoughtful starting point.

https://equine-reproduction.com/articles/issr-8/semen-microbiome-influence-on-the-mare-uterine-microbiome

We share the summary on our website, courtesy of and with the permission of the International Society for Equine Reproduction.

(Podico G, Canisso IF. 2025. The semen microbiome influences the mare uterine microbiome. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 145:105314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105314)

๐‚๐จ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐จ๐ข๐ ๐‚๐ž๐ง๐ญ๐ซ๐ข๐Ÿ๐ฎ๐ ๐š๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐š๐ฌ ๐š๐ง ๐€๐ง๐ญ๐ข๐›๐ข๐จ๐ญ๐ข๐œ-๐…๐ซ๐ž๐ž ๐€๐ฅ๐ญ๐ž๐ซ๐ง๐š๐ญ๐ข๐ฏ๐ž ๐Ÿ๐จ๐ซ ๐๐š๐œ๐ญ๐ž๐ซ๐ข๐š๐ฅ ๐‘๐ž๐๐ฎ๐œ๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐ข๐ง ๐’๐ญ๐š๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐’๐ž๐ฆ๐ž๐งWe published last week...
09/12/2026

๐‚๐จ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐จ๐ข๐ ๐‚๐ž๐ง๐ญ๐ซ๐ข๐Ÿ๐ฎ๐ ๐š๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐š๐ฌ ๐š๐ง ๐€๐ง๐ญ๐ข๐›๐ข๐จ๐ญ๐ข๐œ-๐…๐ซ๐ž๐ž ๐€๐ฅ๐ญ๐ž๐ซ๐ง๐š๐ญ๐ข๐ฏ๐ž ๐Ÿ๐จ๐ซ ๐๐š๐œ๐ญ๐ž๐ซ๐ข๐š๐ฅ ๐‘๐ž๐๐ฎ๐œ๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐ข๐ง ๐’๐ญ๐š๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐’๐ž๐ฆ๐ž๐ง

We published last week's ISSR-8 "snippet" mentioning that we wanted to tie it more closely to this week's release. Why? Because last week's looked at the effects of antibiotic use in semen extenders, whereas this week's looks at a possible alternative to antibiotics. Single layer centrifugation through a low-density colloid has demonstrated significant bacterial load reduction without compromising s***m quality. This trial assessed whether colloid-centrifuged antibiotic-free semen achieves comparable pregnancy rates to antibiotic-containing semen.

https://equine-reproduction.com/articles/issr-8/low-density-colloid-centrifugation-for-semen

We share the summary on our website, courtesy of and with the permission of the International Society for Equine Reproduction /

(Morrell J, Reigner F, Gesbert A, Barriere P, Laskowski D, Ntallaris T, Deleuze S. 2025. Centrifugation through a low density colloid as an alternative to antibiotics in semen extenders: a controlled insemination trial. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 145:105309 - Abstract available on-line at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105309)

๐€๐ง๐ญ๐ข๐ฆ๐ข๐œ๐ซ๐จ๐›๐ข๐š๐ฅ ๐‘๐ž๐ฌ๐ข๐ฌ๐ญ๐š๐ง๐ญ ๐๐š๐œ๐ญ๐ž๐ซ๐ข๐š ๐ข๐ง ๐‚๐จ๐จ๐ฅ๐ž๐ ๐’๐ญ๐š๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐’๐ž๐ฆ๐ž๐ง ๐š๐ง๐ ๐๐จ๐ฌ๐ญ-๐ˆ๐ง๐ฌ๐ž๐ฆ๐ข๐ง๐š๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐”๐ญ๐ž๐ซ๐ข๐ง๐ž ๐‹๐š๐ฏ๐š๐ ๐ž ๐…๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ข๐We've been a little ...
09/11/2026

๐€๐ง๐ญ๐ข๐ฆ๐ข๐œ๐ซ๐จ๐›๐ข๐š๐ฅ ๐‘๐ž๐ฌ๐ข๐ฌ๐ญ๐š๐ง๐ญ ๐๐š๐œ๐ญ๐ž๐ซ๐ข๐š ๐ข๐ง ๐‚๐จ๐จ๐ฅ๐ž๐ ๐’๐ญ๐š๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐’๐ž๐ฆ๐ž๐ง ๐š๐ง๐ ๐๐จ๐ฌ๐ญ-๐ˆ๐ง๐ฌ๐ž๐ฆ๐ข๐ง๐š๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐”๐ญ๐ž๐ซ๐ข๐ง๐ž ๐‹๐š๐ฏ๐š๐ ๐ž ๐…๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ข๐

We've been a little slow releasing last week's ISSR-8 "Snippet", and that's because we want readers to remember it when they see this week's, which we'll release tomorrow, as it's connected.

The current snippet - title above - looks at how although antibiotic addition to cooled semen extenders is standard practice for bacterial control during storage, it may contribute to antimicrobial resistance development and introduce resistant organisms into the mareโ€™s uterus at insemination. The study screened commercial cooled semen and post-insemination uterine lavage fluid for the presence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria.

https://equine-reproduction.com/articles/issr-8/antimicrobial-resistant-bacteria-in-cooled-stallion-semen

We share the summary on our website, courtesy of and with the permission of the International Society for Equine Reproduction /

(Marttila J, Tukia E, Heikinheimo A, Kareskoski M. 2025. Screening for antimicrobial resistant bacteria in cooled stallion semen and post-insemination uterine lavage fluid. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 145:105303. - Abstract available on-line at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105303)

We regularly update articles on the website to ensure current research and trends are represented. Our "oxytocin protoco...
08/31/2026

We regularly update articles on the website to ensure current research and trends are represented. Our "oxytocin protocol" article dates back over 25 years to close to the original creation date of the website and has assisted many breeders to get their mares pregnant. It's undergone several updates in that time, and today we added another! There are no changes to the protocol itself, but we have updated research references to include newer peer-reviewed paper citations, as well as discussing some alternative drugs and factors related to DUC/PBIE - take a look!!

https://Equine-Reproduction.com/oxytocin

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