24/05/2026
Functional Neurological Disorder (FND) is a condition where a person experiences very real neurological symptoms, but the problem is not caused by structural damage in the brain or nervous system, like a stroke, tumour, or multiple sclerosis. Instead, the brain is not sending, receiving, or processing signals correctly — almost like a “software problem” rather than “hardware damage.”
People with FND can experience symptoms such as:
Weakness or paralysis
Tremors or shaking
Non-epileptic seizures
Difficulty walking
Numbness
Speech problems
Vision changes
Chronic pain, fatigue, or cognitive difficulties (“brain fog”)
The symptoms are not imagined, exaggerated, or “all in the person’s head.” Brain scans may look normal, but the nervous system is still functioning in a dysregulated way. Stress, trauma, overwhelm, chronic anxiety, nervous system overload, or adverse life experiences can sometimes contribute, although FND can also develop after illness, injury, or without a clear trigger.
A simple way to explain it to clients is:
“Your brain and nervous system are struggling to communicate properly. The system is overloaded, stuck in survival mode, or misfiring, and the body starts expressing that distress physically.”
Treatment often involves a multidisciplinary approach:
Neurology
Physiotherapy
Occupational therapy
Psychotherapy or trauma-informed therapy
Nervous system regulation work
Sleep, pacing, and stress management
Recovery is possible, especially when people understand that the symptoms are real and that the nervous system can relearn healthier patterns over time.