11/04/2026
Teamwork makes the dream work — even when it comes to bodily functions & systems.
The glymphatic system uses fluid-filled spaces surrounding blood vessels, called perivascular spaces, and specialized water channels known as aquaporin-4 (AQP4) to help move fluid through the brain and support the removal of metabolic waste.
However, new research suggests that exposure to blast overpressure can alter APQ4 expression & potentially disrupt the glymphatic system.
Let’s break it down:
• APQ4 is a protein that functions as a water channel in the brain & is involved in fluid movement & clearance. It helps navigate fluid through perivascular spaces surrounding the blood vessels in the brain.
• Enlarged perivascular spaces have been observed in MRIs of patients with exposure to blastoverpressure.
• These enlarged spaces can affect the location of APQ4 in relation to blood vessels & affect the way it works.
• Disrupted AQP4 expression could contribute to impairments in the glymphatic system, making it more difficult for the brain to clear metabolic waste & maintain neural connections.
Got all that? Good.
While this research is still in its early stages, it suggests that repeated exposure to blast overpressure may interfere with the brain’s glymphatic waste-clearance system. Scientists think this disruption could contribute to lasting changes in brain function & symptomology among service members who’ve been exposed to blast overpressure.
You can learn more here: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13257169/
📸: Army Sgt. Austin Steinborn