05/19/2026
OCD of the capitellum is a rare but serious cartilage injury in the elbow, often seen in young overhead athletes, especially pitchers.
For many patients, the question is not just how to restore the damaged elbow surface. It is how to do it without creating a new problem in a healthy joint.
Traditionally, one option has been to take cartilage from the patient’s own knee and transfer it to the elbow. But donor-site morbidity is a real concern, which is why I began using fresh donor cartilage and bone to reconstruct the damaged capitellum instead.
In this study, we reported on 35 patients treated between 2006 and 2022 with fresh osteochondral allograft transplantation for OCD of the capitellum. The majority had unstable lesions, and every patient had already failed nonoperative treatment.
The outcomes were significant: pain improved, elbow function improved, and every overhead athlete returned to sport at the same level or higher for more than two years. Two patients went on to play professional baseball, with top pitching speeds of 94 and 96 MPH.
Seventeen years of treating this condition has reinforced one thing for me: when a young athlete has a damaged elbow, the goal should be to restore that elbow without sacrificing a normal knee when another option exists.