13/10/2026
🧬 HOW DOES AN ALLERGY DEVELOP — AND WHY CAN IT KEEP HAPPENING?
Have you ever wondered why a person can suddenly develop an allergy to peanuts or house dust mites?
It starts with a process called SENSITISATION.
🥜 STEP 1: SENSITISATION
After exposure to an allergen, such as peanut protein or house dust mite, the immune system may start producing IgE antibodies against that allergen.
This process is called sensitisation. It can develop over time, and not everyone who becomes sensitised will develop symptoms.
⚠️ STEP 2: THE ALLERGIC REACTION
Once a person has developed an IgE-mediated allergy, re-exposure can trigger a reaction within minutes — sometimes after exposure to a very small amount.
The IgE antibodies activate immune cells called mast cells, which release histamine and other inflammatory chemicals.
This can cause symptoms such as itching, swelling, sneezing, a blocked nose, wheezing or, in severe cases, anaphylaxis.
🥜 FOOD ALLERGY: YOU CAN AVOID EATING THE FOOD
If you have a confirmed peanut allergy, avoiding peanut is essential.
But be careful! Foods can sometimes contain unexpected peanut ingredients or traces, so checking labels and following your allergy management plan are important.
🛏️ HOUSE DUST MITE ALLERGY: A DIFFERENT CHALLENGE
House dust mites are microscopic organisms commonly found in bedding, mattresses and soft furnishings.
If you are allergic to house dust mites, exposure in your bedroom may continue for hours while you sleep.
Ongoing exposure can contribute to symptoms such as:
🤧 Sneezing and a blocked nose when you wake up
👃 Nasal itching and a runny nose
🫁 Coughing, wheezing or chest tightness in people with asthma
Unlike a food allergen, house dust mite allergen is difficult to avoid completely because you still need to breathe the air around you.
🔬 WHY ALLERGY TESTING MATTERS
Knowing your triggers helps you make informed decisions.
✅ Food allergies: Identify confirmed food triggers and learn how to avoid accidental exposure.
✅ Inhalant allergies: Identify triggers such as house dust mites, moulds, grasses and tree pollens so that exposure can be reduced where practical.
✅ Asthma and hay fever: Understanding your triggers can help guide an appropriate treatment and prevention plan.
💙 DON'T JUST TREAT THE SYMPTOMS — UNDERSTAND YOUR TRIGGERS.
Allergy testing should always be interpreted alongside your symptoms and medical history. A positive test alone does not necessarily mean you have a clinical allergy.
👨⚕️ Speak to The Allergy & Asthma Doctor
🌐 www.allergydoctor.co.za